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Stable Lithium Electrodeposition at Ultra‐High Current Densities Enabled by 3D PMF/Li Composite Anode
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 27.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-13 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201703360
Lei Fan 1 , Houlong L. Zhuang 2 , Weidong Zhang 1 , Yao Fu 3 , Zhihao Liao 4 , Yingying Lu 1
Affiliation  

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage due to their high energy densities on both weight and volume bases. However, LMBs usually undergo uncontrollable lithium deposition, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, and volume expansion, which easily lead to low Coulombic efficiency, poor cycling performance, and even safety hazards, hindering their practical applications for more than forty years. These issues can be further exacerbated if operated at high current densities. Here a stable lithium metal battery enabled by 3D porous poly‐melamine‐formaldehyde (PMF)/Li composite anode is reported. PMF with a large number of polar groups (amine and triazine) can effectively homogenize Li‐ion concentration when these ions approach to the anode surface and thus achieve uniform Li deposition. Moreover, the 3D structured anode can serve as a Li host to mitigate the volume change during Li stripping and plating process. Galvanostatic measurements demonstrate that the 3D composite electrode can achieve high‐lithium Coulombic efficiency of 94.7% at an ultrahigh current density of 10 mA cm−2 after 50 cycles with low hysteresis and smooth voltage plateaus. When coupled with Li4Ti5O12, half‐cells show enhanced rate capabilities and Coulombic efficiencies, opening great opportunities for high‐energy batteries.

中文翻译:

3D PMF / Li复合阳极可实现超高电流密度下的稳定锂电沉积

锂金属电池(LMB)由于在重量和体积上都具有很高的能量密度,因此是下一代储能的有希望的候选者。然而,LMB通常经历不可控的锂沉积,不稳定的固体电解质界面和体积膨胀,这很容易导致库仑效率低,循环性能差,甚至存在安全隐患,从而阻碍了其四十多年的实际应用。如果在高电流密度下运行,这些问题会进一步恶化。在此报道了一种稳定的锂金属电池,该电池由3D多孔聚三聚氰胺-甲醛(PMF)/ Li复合阳极制成。当这些离子接近阳极表面时,具有大量极性基团(胺和三嗪)的PMF可以有效地均化锂离子浓度,从而实现均匀的锂沉积。而且,3D结构化阳极可充当Li主体,以减轻Li剥离和镀覆过程中的体积变化。恒电流测量表明,3D复合电极在10 mA cm的超高电流密度下可达到94.7%的高锂库仑效率50个周期后的−2具有低滞后和平稳的电压平稳性。与Li 4 Ti 5 O 12结合使用时,半电池显示出更高的倍率能力和库仑效率,为高能电池打开了巨大的机遇。
更新日期:2018-02-13
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