The development of high-performance anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is vital to meeting the requirements for large-scale applications ranging from electric vehicles to power grids. Conversion-type transition-metal compounds are attractive anodes for next-generation LIBs because of their diverse compositions and high theoretical specific capacities. Here, we provide an overview of the recent development of some representative conversion-type anode materials (CTAMs) in LIBs. In this review, we start with an introduction to typical CTAMs and their lithium storage mechanisms. Then, we present the obstacles to their widespread implementation and the corresponding nanoengineering strategies for high-performance CTAMs, including the use of low-dimensional nanostructures, hierarchical porous nanostructures, hollow structures, and hybridization with various carbonaceous materials. Particularly, we highlight the relationship between these nanostructures and the lithium storage properties. Lastly, we present some perspectives on the current challenges and possible research directions for nanostructured CTAMs.

下一代锂离子电池（LIB）高性能负极材料的开发对于满足从电动汽车到电网等大规模应用的要求至关重要。转化型过渡金属化合物因其组成多样且理论比容量高而成为下一代LIB的有吸引力的阳极。在此，我们概述了LIB中一些代表性的转化型阳极材料（CTAM）的最新发展。在本文中，我们首先介绍典型的CTAM及其锂存储机制。然后，我们提出了阻碍其广泛实施的障碍以及用于高性能CTAM的相应纳米工程策略，包括使用低维纳米结构，分层多孔纳米结构，空心结构，并与各种含碳材料杂交。特别地，我们强调了这些纳米结构与锂储存性能之间的关系。最后，我们就纳米结构CTAM的当前挑战和可能的研究方向提出一些观点。