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Embryonic stem cell transplants as a therapeutic strategy in a rodent model of autism.
Neuropsychopharmacology ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0021-0
Jennifer J Donegan 1 , Angela M Boley 1 , Daniel J Lodge 1
Affiliation  

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by disruptions in three core behavioral domains: deficits in social interaction, impairments in communication, and repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior or thought. There are currently no drugs available for the treatment of the core symptoms of ASD and drugs that target comorbid symptoms often have serious adverse side effects, suggesting an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. The neurobiology of autism is complex, but converging evidence suggests that ASD involves disruptions in the inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmitter system. Specifically, people with autism have a reduction in parvalbumin (PV)-containing interneurons in the PFC, leading to the suggestion that restoring interneuron function in this region may be a novel therapeutic approach for ASD. Here we used a dual-reporter embryonic stem cell line to generate enriched populations of PV-positive interneurons, which were transplanted into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of the Poly I:C rodent model of autism. PV interneuron transplants were able to decrease pyramidal cell firing in the mPFC and alleviated deficits in social interaction and cognitive flexibility. Our results suggest that restoring PV interneuron function in the mPFC may be a novel and effective treatment strategy to reduce the core symptoms of autism.

中文翻译:

胚胎干细胞移植作为自闭症啮齿动物模型的治疗策略。

自闭症是一种神经发育障碍,其特征在于三个核心行为领域的破坏:社交互动缺陷、沟通障碍以及重复和刻板的行为或思维模式。目前尚无可用于治疗 ASD 核心症状的药物,而针对共病症状的药物往往具有严重的不良副作用,这表明迫切需要新的治疗策略。自闭症的神经生物学很复杂,但越来越多的证据表明 ASD 涉及抑制性 GABA 能神经递质系统的破坏。具体来说,自闭症患者的 PFC 中含有小白蛋白 (PV) 的中间神经元减少,这表明恢复该区域的中间神经元功能可能是 ASD 的一种新治疗方法。在这里,我们使用双报告胚胎干细胞系来产生丰富的 PV 阳性中间神经元群,这些中间神经元被移植到 Poly I:C 自闭症啮齿动物模型的内侧前额叶皮层 (mPFC)。PV 中间神经元移植能够减少 mPFC 中的锥体细胞放电,并减轻社交互动和认知灵活性的缺陷。我们的研究结果表明,恢复 mPFC 中的 PV 中间神经元功能可能是减少自闭症核心症状的一种新颖有效的治疗策略。PV 中间神经元移植能够减少 mPFC 中的锥体细胞放电,并减轻社交互动和认知灵活性的缺陷。我们的研究结果表明,恢复 mPFC 中的 PV 中间神经元功能可能是减少自闭症核心症状的一种新颖有效的治疗策略。PV 中间神经元移植能够减少 mPFC 中的锥体细胞放电,并减轻社交互动和认知灵活性的缺陷。我们的研究结果表明,恢复 mPFC 中的 PV 中间神经元功能可能是减少自闭症核心症状的一种新颖有效的治疗策略。
更新日期:2018-02-08
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