Abstract In recent years, the need for energy security strategies through liquefied natural gas (LNG) import has occupied an unprecedented spot in the European Union's foreign policy agenda. The availability of abundant natural gas resources in Western Canada, making this region a potential supplier, has, therefore, received significant attention. In order to ensure a competitive spot in the global natural gas market, it is important for Canada to supply its natural gas both at a competitive price and with lower emissions. In this study, a comparative assessment of the delivered costs and life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the natural gas supply chain from production sites in Canada to north and southwest Europe is conducted through the development of techno-economic and life cycle analyses models. Two possible supply chain routes to Europe were explored, one from the west coast and the other via the east coast of Canada, and included recovery, processing, transmission, liquefaction, shipping, and re-gasification. Two sources of Canadian natural gas reserves, Montney and Horn River, are investigated. The results show that the delivered cost ($/GJ) of Canadian LNG (including recovery, processing, transmission, liquefaction, and shipping cost) to Europe is 8.9–12.9, depending on the resources and pathway. The total well-to-port (WTP) GHG emissions (including emissions from recovery, processing, transportation, liquefaction, shipping and re-gasification at the destination port) from the Canadian production sites to Europe is 22.9–42.1 g-CO2eq/MJ, depending on the resources and pathway followed. The costs and GHG emissions values reported in the literature for the delivery of natural gas from the major exporting countries were lower than those for the Canadian LNG supply chain. Finding other sources of natural gas in Eastern Canada might provide a cheaper and less GHG-intensive alternative to the Canadian LNG supply chain.

中文翻译：

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从加拿大生产基地到北欧和西欧的天然气供应链的技术经济和生命周期评估

摘要 近年来，通过进口液化天然气 (LNG) 来制定能源安全战略的需求在欧盟的外交政策议程中占据了前所未有的位置。加拿大西部拥有丰富的天然气资源，使该地区成为潜在的供应商，因此受到了极大的关注。为了确保在全球天然气市场上的竞争地位，加拿大以具有竞争力的价格和较低的排放量供应天然气非常重要。在这项研究中，通过开发技术经济和生命周期分析模型，对从加拿大生产基地到北欧和西欧的天然气供应链的交付成本和生命周期温室气体 (GHG) 排放进行了比较评估. 探索了通往欧洲的两条可能的供应链路线，一条来自西海岸，另一条经过加拿大东海岸，包括回收、加工、传输、液化、运输和再气化。对加拿大天然气储量的两个来源 Montney 和 Horn River 进行了调查。结果表明，加拿大 LNG（包括回收、加工、传输、液化和运输成本）到欧洲的交付成本（$/GJ）为 8.9-12.9，具体取决于资源和途径。从加拿大生产基地到欧洲的总井到港口 (WTP) 温室气体排放（包括回收、加工、运输、液化、运输和目的港再气化的排放）为 22.9–42.1 g-CO2eq/MJ ，取决于所遵循的资源和途径。文献中报告的从主要出口国输送天然气的成本和温室气体排放值低于加拿大液化天然气供应链的成本和温室气体排放值。在加拿大东部寻找其他天然气来源可能会为加拿大液化天然气供应链提供更便宜且温室气体密集度较低的替代方案。