Abstract Ag-modified ZnO, F-modified ZnO and (Ag, F)-modified ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by thermal shock method in order to study the effects of doping agents on their crystal structure, morphology, optical properties, surface structure and photocatalytic activity. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, FTIR, UV–Visible diffuse reflectance and XPS spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated via the degradation of methylene blue under UVA and visible light irradiation. According to the results, the thermal shock process with AgNO3 did not modify the morphology but successfully created silver species on the surface of ZnO, which induces the visible light absorption and then increases the photocatalytic activity. The enhanced phototcatalytic performance was also observed in F-modified ZnO sample owing to the increase of surface hydroxyl groups and the formation of zinc vacancies. Among three modified ZnO samples, (Ag, F)-modified ZnO was found to be the best sample with the photocatalytic activity enhanced by the factor of 3 under both UVA and visible light, which may be attributed to the synergic effects of AgNO3 and KF used in thermal shock process.

中文翻译：

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热冲击法制备的基于Ag、F修饰的ZnO纳米粒子的新型光催化剂的表征和光催化活性

摘要 为研究掺杂剂对其晶体结构、形貌、光学性能、表面结构和光催化活性的影响，采用热冲击法制备了Ag修饰ZnO、F修饰ZnO和(Ag, F)修饰ZnO纳米颗粒。 . 通过XRD、FE-SEM、TEM、FTIR、紫外-可见漫反射和XPS光谱对催化剂进行表征。通过在UVA和可见光照射下对亚甲基蓝的降解来评估光催化活性。结果表明，AgNO3 的热冲击过程没有改变形貌，而是成功地在 ZnO 表面产生了银物种，从而诱导了可见光吸收，进而提高了光催化活性。由于表面羟基的增加和锌空位的形成，在 F 修饰的 ZnO 样品中也观察到了增强的光催化性能。在三种改性 ZnO 样品中，(Ag, F) 改性的 ZnO 被发现是最好的样品，在 UVA 和可见光下的光催化活性提高了 3 倍，这可能归因于 AgNO3 和 KF 的协同作用用于热冲击工艺。