Biodegradable electronics have great potential to reduce the environmental footprint of devices and enable advanced health monitoring and therapeutic technologies. Complex biodegradable electronics require biodegradable substrates, insulators, conductors, and semiconductors, all of which comprise the fundamental building blocks of devices. This review will survey recent trends in the strategies used to fabricate biodegradable forms of each of these components. Polymers that can disintegrate without full chemical breakdown (type I), as well as those that can be recycled into monomeric and oligomeric building blocks (type II), will be discussed. Type I degradation is typically achieved with engineering and material science based strategies, whereas type II degradation often requires deliberate synthetic approaches. Notably, unconventional degradable linkages capable of maintaining long-range conjugation have been relatively unexplored, yet may enable fully biodegradable conductors and semiconductors with uncompromised electrical properties. While substantial progress has been made in developing degradable device components, the electrical and mechanical properties of these materials must be improved before fully degradable complex electronics can be realized.

中文翻译：

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可降解电子设备中的可生物降解聚合物材料

可生物降解的电子产品具有减少设备对环境的影响以及实现先进的健康监测和治疗技术的巨大潜力。复杂的可生物降解电子设备需要可生物降解的基板，绝缘体，导体和半导体，所有这些都构成了设备的基本组成部分。这项审查将调查用于制造这些组件中的每个组件的可生物降解形式的策略的最新趋势。将讨论可以在不发生完全化学分解的情况下崩解的聚合物（I型），以及可以循环利用成单体和低聚结构单元的聚合物（II型）。I型降解通常是通过基于工程和材料科学的策略来实现的，而II型降解通常需要刻意的合成方法。尤其，能够维持长距离共轭的非常规可降解连接已经得到了相对较未的探索，但仍可能使电生物性能不受影响的完全可生物降解的导体和半导体成为可能。尽管在开发可降解设备组件方面取得了实质性进展，但必须先改善这些材料的电气和机械性能，然后才能实现完全可降解的复杂电子器件。