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Hot Tea Consumption and the Risk for Esophageal Cancer
Annals of Internal Medicine ( IF 39.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-06 , DOI: 10.7326/p17-9054
更新日期：2018-02-06
Annals of Internal Medicine ( IF 39.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-06 , DOI: 10.7326/p17-9054
What is the problem and what is known about it so far?
Esophageal cancer is a serious and often fatal disease involving the uncontrolled growth of cells in the esophagus, the tube that carries food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach. Drinking alcohol excessively and smoking on a regular basis are each known to increase the risk for esophageal cancer. Although previous studies suggested that drinking boiling-hot tea might also increase the risk for esophageal cancer, they could not assess whether this observation was the result of alcohol or tobacco use.
Why did the researchers do this particular study?
To determine whether people who drink hot or boiling-hot tea on a regular basis are at risk for esophageal cancer, even when accounting for alcohol and tobacco use.
Who was studied?
456,155 men and women in China, aged 30 to 79 years, who were not known to have cancer at the start of the study.
How was the study done?
The researchers collected information regarding people's tea-drinking habits, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and other health-related variables. They then followed the study participants for more than 9 years to see whether any of them developed esophageal cancer.
What did the researchers find?
Participants who reported drinking hot or boiling-hot tea daily at the beginning of the study were at increased risk for esophageal cancer during the study if they also drank 15 grams of alcohol or more per day or currently smoked tobacco. A 12-ounce glass of regular beer, a 5-ounce glass of table wine, and a 1.5-ounce shot of distilled spirits (such as vodka, gin, or whiskey) each contain about 14 grams of alcohol. No increase in esophageal cancer risk was seen among participants who drank hot tea if they did not also drink more than 15 grams of alcohol daily and smoke tobacco.
What were the limitations of the study?
Participants' tea-drinking habits, as well as their alcohol and tobacco use, may have changed during the study period.
What are the implications of the study?
People who drink alcohol excessively or smoke tobacco are known to be at increased risk for esophageal cancer. Drinking hot or boiling-hot tea might make that risk even higher.
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