Vehicle–grid integration (VGI) uses the interaction between electric vehicles and the electrical grid to provide benefits that may include reducing the cost of using intermittent renwable electricity or providing a financial incentive for electric vehicle ownerhip. However, studies that estimate the value of VGI benefits have largely ignored how consumer behaviour will affect the magnitude of the impact. Here, we simulate the long-term impact of VGI using behaviourally realistic and empirically derived models of vehicle adoption and charging combined with an electricity system model. We focus on the case where a central entity manages the charging rate and timing for participating electric vehicles. VGI is found not to increase the adoption of electric vehicles, but does have a a small beneficial impact on electricity prices. By 2050, VGI reduces wholesale electricity prices by 0.6–0.7% (0.7 $ MWh^–1, 2010 CAD) relative to an equivalent scenario without VGI. Excluding consumer behaviour from the analysis inflates the value of VGI.

车辆-电网集成（VGI）利用电动汽车和电网之间的相互作用来提供收益，其中可能包括减少使用间歇性可弃用电力的成本或为电动汽车拥有者提供经济激励。但是，估计VGI收益价值的研究在很大程度上忽略了消费者行为将如何影响这种影响的程度。在这里，我们使用行为实际和经验得出的车辆采用和充电模型以及电力系统模型来模拟VGI的长期影响。我们关注的是中央实体管理参与的电动汽车的充电率和时间安排的情况。人们发现，VGI不会增加电动汽车的普及率，但确实对电价产生了很小的有利影响。到2050年，^– 1，2010 CAD）相对于没有VGI的等效方案。从分析中排除消费者行为会增加VGI的价值。