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Clinical utility of non-EpCAM based circulating tumor cell assays
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews ( IF 16.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.01.013
R. Garland Austin , Tony Jun Huang , Mengxi Wu , Andrew J. Armstrong , Tian Zhang

Methods enabling the isolation, detection, and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood have clear potential to facilitate precision medicine approaches in patients with cancer, not only for prognostic purposes but also for prediction of the benefits of specific therapies in oncology. However, current CTC assays, which capture CTCs based on expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), fail to capture cells from de-differentiated tumors and carcinomas undergoing loss of the epithelial phenotype during the invasion/metastatic process. To address this limitation, many groups are developing non-EpCAM based CTC assays that incorporate nanotechnology to improve test sensitivity for rare but important cells that may otherwise go undetected, and therefore may improve upon clinical utility. In this review, we outline emerging non-EpCAM based CTC assays utilizing nanotechnology approaches for CTC capture or characterization, including dendrimers, magnetic nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, negative selection chip or software-based on-slide methods, and nano-scale substrates. In addition, we address challenges that remain for the clinical translation of these platforms.



中文翻译:

基于非EpCAM的循环肿瘤细胞检测的临床实用性

能够分离,检测和表征血液中循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)的方法具有明显的潜力,可用于癌症患者的精确医学方法,不仅用于预后目的,而且还可以预测肿瘤治疗中特定疗法的益处。然而,当前的基于上皮细胞粘附分子(EpCAM)表达捕获CTC的CTC测定不能捕获来自未分化肿瘤和在侵袭/转移过程中经历上皮表型丧失的癌的细胞。为了解决这个限制,许多小组正在开发基于非EpCAM的CTC分析方法,该方法结合了纳米技术以提高对稀有但重要的细胞的检测灵敏度,否则这些细胞可能不会被发现,因此可能会改善临床应用。在这篇评论中,我们概述了利用纳米技术进行CTC捕获或表征的新兴非EpCAM基CTC分析方法,包括树枝状聚合物,磁性纳米颗粒,金纳米颗粒,负选择芯片或基于软件的滑动方法以及纳米级基质。此外,我们还应对这些平台的临床翻译所面临的挑战。

更新日期:2018-01-31
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