Abstract Research findings about relationships between trait-like eating behaviors and implicit food evaluations have been inconsistent. This may be partially attributed to the state-dependent nature of implicit food evaluations. In the current studies, relationships between trait and state chocolate craving, current hunger, and implicit evaluation of chocolate were examined. In study 1 (n = 64; 70% females), neither trait nor state chocolate craving were directly associated with implicit evaluation of chocolate. However, higher state chocolate craving was associated with more positive implicit evaluation of chocolate when current hunger was high. A moderated mediation model revealed an indirect effect of trait chocolate craving on implicit evaluation of chocolate via state chocolate craving only in hungry participants. This moderated mediation model was replicated in a sample of female individuals (n = 66; study 2) and in a sample of children and adolescents (n = 146; 47% females; study 3). Results support previous reports in that implicit food evaluations are influenced by state-dependent variables such as current craving and hunger. Moreover, implicit food evaluations are influenced by trait-like eating behaviors as well, inasmuch as these give rise to states of high motivational needs.

中文翻译：

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食物渴望的显式测量何时以及如何预测隐式食物评估？一个有调节的中介模型

摘要 关于特征样饮食行为与内隐食物评价之间关系的研究结果一直不一致。这可能部分归因于隐性食物评估的状态依赖性。在当前的研究中，检查了特质与状态巧克力渴望、当前饥饿和对巧克力的内隐评价之间的关系。在研究 1（n = 64；70% 女性）中，特质和状态对巧克力的渴望都与对巧克力的内隐评价没有直接关系。然而，当当前饥饿程度很高时，较高状态的巧克力渴望与更积极的巧克力内隐评价相关。一个有调节的中介模型揭示了特质巧克力渴望对巧克力内隐评价的间接影响，通过状态巧克力渴望只对饥饿的参与者产生影响。在女性个体样本（n = 66；研究 2）和儿童和青少年样本（n = 146；47% 女性；研究 3）中复制了这种调节中介模型。结果支持先前的报告，即隐含的食物评估受状态相关变量的影响，例如当前的渴望和饥饿。此外，内隐的食物评估也受到类似特征的饮食行为的影响，因为这些行为会引起高动机需求的状态。