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Determination of adsorbable organic halogens in surface water samples by combustion–microcoulometry versus combustion–ion chromatography titration
Journal of Chromatography A ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.01.045
Aziz Kinani , Hacène Sa​lhi , Stéphane Bouchonnet , Said Kinani

Adsorbable Organic Halogen (AOX) is an analytical parameter of considerable interest since it allows to evaluate the amount of organohalogen disinfection by-products (OXBPs) present in a water sample. Halogen speciation of AOX into adsorbable organic chlorine, bromine and iodine, respectively AOCl, AOBr and AOI, is extremely important since it has been shown that iodinated and brominated organic by-products tend to be more toxic than their chlorinated analogues. Chemical speciation of AOX can be performed by combustion-ion chromatography (C-IC). In the present work, the effectiveness of the nitrate wash according to ISO 9562 standard method protocol to eliminate halide ions interferences was firstly examined. False positive AOX values were observed when chloride concentration exceeded 100 ppm. The improvements made to the washing protocol have eliminated chloride interference for concentrations up to 1000 ppm. A C-IC method for chemical speciation of AOX into AOCl, AOBr, and AOI has been developed and validated. The most important analytical parameters were investigated. The following optimal conditions were established: an aqueous solution containing 2.4 mM sodium bicarbonate/2.0 mM sodium carbonate, and 2% acetone (v/v) as mobile phase, 2 mL of aqueous sodium thiosulfate (500 ppm) as absorption solution, 0.2 mL min−1 as water inlet flow rate for hydropyrolysis, and 10 min as post-combustion time. The method was validated according to NF T90-210 standard method. Calibration curves fitted through a quadratic equation show coefficients of determination (r2) greater than 0.9998, and RSD less than 5%. The LOQs were 0.9, 4.3, and 5.7 μg L−1 Cl for AOCl, AOBr, and AOI, respectively. The accuracy, in terms of relative error, was within a ± 10% interval. The applicability of the validated method was demonstrated by the analysis of twenty four water samples from three rivers in France. The measurements reveals AOX amounts above 10 μg L−1 Cl in all untreated samples, suggesting the presence of organohalogen compounds in the sampled rivers. On weight concentration basis, AOCl accounted for 77–100% of AOX in the treated water samples. A good agreement between the conventional AOX method and the developed C-IC method was found.



中文翻译:

燃烧-微库仑法与燃烧-离子色谱滴定法测定地表水中样品中的可吸附有机卤素

可吸附有机卤素(AOX)是令人关注的分析参数,因为它可以评估水样品中存在的有机卤素消毒副产物(OXBP)的量。将AOX卤化成可吸附的有机氯,溴和碘(分别为AOCl,AOBr和AOI)非常重要,因为已证明碘化和溴化的有机副产物比其氯化类似物具有更高的毒性。AOX的化学形态可通过燃烧离子色谱法(C-IC)进行。在目前的工作中,首先检查了根据ISO 9562标准方法协议进行的硝酸盐洗涤消除卤离子干扰的有效性。当氯化物浓度超过100 ppm时,观察到假阳性AOX值。对洗涤方案的改进消除了浓度高达1000 ppm的氯化物干扰。已经开发并验证了一种将AOX分子化学形成AOCl,AOBr和AOI的C-IC方法。研究了最重要的分析参数。确定以下最佳条件:含2.4 mM碳酸氢钠/2.0 mM碳酸钠和2%丙酮(v / v)作为流动相的水溶液,2 mL硫代硫酸钠水溶液(500 ppm)作为吸收溶液,0.2 mL分-1为加氢热解的进水流速,10分钟为后燃烧时间。该方法已根据NF T90-210标准方法进行了验证。通过二次方程拟合的校准曲线显示,测定系数(r 2)大于0.9998,RSD小于5%。LOQ均0.9,4.3,和5.7微克大号-1 Cl作为AOCl,AOBr,和AOI,分别。就相对误差而言,精度在±10%的区间内。通过对法国三条河流的二十四个水样进行分析,证明了该方法的适用性。测量结果表明,AOX含量高于10μgL -1所有未处理样品中的Cl均表明在采样河流中存在有机卤素化合物。以重量浓度计,AOCl占处理后水样中AOX的77-100%。在传统的AOX方法和已开发的C-IC方法之间找到了很好的一致性。

更新日期:2018-01-31
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