¹⁸F-FDG PET has previously been proven effective as an early way to evaluate the response of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) to imatinib treatment. However, it is unclear whether early evaluation of response affects treatment decisions in GIST patients treated with neoadjuvant intent. Methods: We retrospectively scored changes in management based on early evaluation of response by ¹⁸F-FDG PET in patients in the Dutch GIST registry treated with neoadjuvant imatinib. Results: Seventy ¹⁸F-FDG PET scans were obtained for 63 GIST patients to evaluate for an early response to neoadjuvant imatinib. The scans led to a change in management in 27.1% of the patients. Change in management correlated strongly with lack of metabolic response (P < 0.001) and non–KIT exon 11–mutated GISTs (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Performing ¹⁸F-FDG PET for early evaluation of response often results in a change of management in GIST patients harboring the non–KIT exon 11 mutation and should be considered the standard of care in GIST patients treated with neoadjuvant intent.

¹⁸ F-FDG PET先前已被证明是有效的方法，可用于评估胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）对伊马替尼治疗的反应。但是，尚不清楚早期反应评估是否会影响接受新辅助治疗的GIST患者的治疗决策。方法：我们根据¹⁸ F-FDG PET对新辅助伊马替尼治疗的荷兰GIST登记患者的早期反应评估，对管理变化进行了回顾性评分。结果：七十¹⁸对63名GIST患者进行了F-FDG PET扫描，以评估对新辅助伊马替尼的早期反应。扫描结果导致27.1％的患者管理发生变化。管理上的改变与缺乏代谢反应（P <0.001）和非KIT外显子11突变的GISTs密切相关（P <0.001）。结论：进行¹⁸ F-FDG PET早期评估反应通常会导致具有非KIT外显子11突变的GIST患者改变管理，应将其视为接受新辅助治疗的GIST患者的治疗标准。