Herein, we present the synthesis and systematic comparison of Sn- and Co–Sn-based nanoparticles (NPs) as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. These nanomaterials were produced via inexpensive routes combining wet chemical synthesis and dry mechanochemical methods (ball milling). We demonstrate that oxidized, nearly amorphous CoSn₂O_x NPs, in contrast to highly crystalline Sn and CoSn₂ NPs, exhibit high cycling stability over 1500 cycles, retaining a capacity of 525 mA h g⁻¹ (92% of the initial capacity) at a high current density of 1982 mA g⁻¹. Moreover, when cycled in full-cell configuration with LiCoO₂ as the cathode, such CoSn₂O_x NPs deliver an average anodic capacity of 576 mA h g⁻¹ over 100 cycles at a current of 500 mA g⁻¹, with an average discharge voltage of 3.14 V.

中文翻译：

---

氧化的Co-Sn纳米颗粒可作为锂离子电池的持久阳极材料†

在这里，我们介绍了作为锂离子电池负极材料的Sn和Co-Sn基纳米颗粒（NPs）的合成和系统比较。这些纳米材料是通过结合湿化学合成和干机械化学方法（球磨）的廉价路线生产的。我们证明，与高度结晶的Sn和CoSn ₂ NP相比，氧化的，几乎无定形的CoSn ₂ O _x NPs在1500个循环中表现出高的循环稳定性，在750℃时保持525 mA hg ^-1的容量（初始容量的92％） 1982 mA g ^-1的高电流密度。而且，当以LiCoO ₂为阴极以全电池配置循环时，这种CoSn ₂ø _X的NP递送576毫安汞柱的平均阳极容量^-1处的500毫安g的电流超过100个循环^-1，具有3.14 V的平均放电电压