Incidental thyroid nodules that are found on an imaging study performed for reasons other than thyroid pathology represent a common scenario encountered by health care providers. The initial workup for these nodules comprises a thorough history and physical examination, thyroid function tests, a dedicated thyroid ultrasound, and fine‐needle aspiration of any suspicious lesions. Management ranges from observation and reassurance to surgical resection and depends on the cytologic diagnosis. In cases of cytologically indeterminate or discordant nodules, surgical excision (lobectomy) offers a definitive diagnosis, although molecular testing or a reasonable period of observation may be useful as less invasive adjuncts. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:97‐105. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

中文翻译：

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偶发性甲状腺结节

在因甲状腺病理以外的原因进行的影像学研究中发现的偶然甲状腺结节代表了医疗保健提供者遇到的常见情况。这些结节的初步检查包括全面的病史和体格检查、甲状腺功能检查、专门的甲状腺超声检查和任何可疑病变的细针抽吸。管理范围从观察和安慰到手术切除，并取决于细胞学诊断。在细胞学不确定或不一致的结节的情况下，手术切除（肺叶切除术）可提供明确的诊断，尽管分子检测或合理的观察期作为侵入性较小的辅助手段可能有用。CA Cancer J Clin 2018；68:97-105。© 2018 美国癌症协会。