The mission-critical nature of wireless networked sensing and control (WSC) systems, such as the control of industrial plants, requires stringent real-time delivery of packets. Due to inherent dynamics and uncertainties in wireless communication, real-time communication guarantees are probabilistic in nature. In this paper, a probabilistic framework is therefore proposed for per-packet real-time delivery guarantee. The notion of real-time in this paper differs from the existing work in the sense that it ensures, in an execution history of arbitrary length, every packet is successfully delivered before its deadline with a probability no less than a user-specified threshold (e.g., 99%). The framework has several novel building blocks: First, “R3 (requirement-reliability-resource) mapping” translates the upper layer probabilistic real-time communication requirement, and the lower layer links reliability into the resource (i.e., optimal number of transmission opportunities) reserved for each packet. Second, “EDF (earliest deadline first) based real-time scheduling” as well as the “admission test” and “traffic load optimization” maximize system utility while satisfying per-packet real-time communication requirements. The proposed admission test is proved to be both sufficient and necessary, and the simulation results show that the proposed framework ensures probabilistic per-packet real-time communication.

中文翻译：

---

无线网络传感和控制的按包实时概率保证

无线网络感测和控制（WSC）系统的关键任务性质，例如工业厂房的控制，要求严格实时地传送数据包。由于无线通信的固有动态性和不确定性，因此实时通信保证本质上是概率性的。因此，本文提出了一种针对每包实时交付保证的概率框架。本文中的实时概念与现有工作有所不同，因为它可以确保在任意长度的执行历史中，每个数据包在其截止日期之前成功交付，且概率不小于用户指定的阈值（例如， ，99％）。该框架具有几个新颖的构建基块：首先，“ R3（需求-可靠性-资源）映射”转换上层概率实时通信需求，而下层将可靠性链接到为每个数据包保留的资源（即最佳传输机会数）中。其次，“基于EDF（最早截止时间为第一）的实时调度”以及“准入测试”和“流量负载优化”在满足每个数据包实时通信要求的同时，最大限度地提高了系统效用。所提出的准入测试被证明是充分且必要的，并且仿真结果表明所提出的框架确保了概率性的每分组实时通信。“基于EDF（最早截止时间为第一）的实时调度”以及“准入测试”和“流量负载优化”在满足每个数据包实时通信要求的同时，最大限度地提高了系统利用率。所提出的准入测试被证明是充分且必要的，并且仿真结果表明所提出的框架确保了概率性的每分组实时通信。“基于EDF（最早截止时间为第一）的实时调度”以及“准入测试”和“流量负载优化”在满足每个数据包实时通信要求的同时，最大限度地提高了系统利用率。所提出的准入测试被证明是充分且必要的，并且仿真结果表明所提出的框架确保了概率性的每分组实时通信。