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Fluorescent nanoparticles present in Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola: physiochemical properties, cytotoxicity, biodistribution and digestion studies
Nanotoxicology ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-20 , DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1418443
Shen Li 1 , Chengkun Jiang 2 , Haitao Wang 2, 3 , Shuang Cong 2, 3 , Mingqian Tan 2, 3
Affiliation  

Foodborne nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn great attention due to human health concerns. This study reports the detection of the presence of fluorescent NPs, about 5 nm, in two of the most popular beverages, Coca-Cola (Coke) and Pepsi-Cola (Pepsi). The NPs contain H, C and O, three elements with a tunable emission and with a quantum yield of 3.3 and 4.3% for Coke and Pepsi, respectively. The presence of sp3-hybridized carbon atoms of alcohols and ethers bonds was confirmed by NMR analysis. The NPs can be taken up by living cells and accumulate within cell membrane and cytoplasm. Evaluation of the acute toxicity of the NPs revealed that the BALB/c mice appeared healthy after administration of a single dose of 2 g kg−1 body weight. Analysis of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), urea and creatinine showed that there were statistically, but not biologically, significant differences in some of these biochemical parameters between the test and control groups. No obvious organ damage or apparent histopathological abnormality was observed in the tested mice. The biodistribution study in major organs indicated that the NPs were easily accumulated in the digestive tract, and they were able to cross the blood–brain barrier and dispersed in the brain. In vitro digestion of the NPs showed a significant fluorescence quenching of the NPs. This work represents the first report of foodborne fluorescent NPs present in Coke and Pepsi, and provides valuable insights into physicochemical properties of these NPs and their toxicity characteristics both in vitro and in vivo.

中文翻译:

可口可乐和百事可乐中存在的荧光纳米颗粒:理化性质,细胞毒性,生物分布和消化研究

由于人类健康问题,食源性纳米颗粒(NPs)引起了极大的关注。这项研究报告了在两种最受欢迎​​的饮料可口可乐(可口可乐)和百事可乐(百事可乐)中检测到约5 nm荧光NP的存在。NP含有H,C和O,这三种元素的发射可调,可乐和百事可乐的量子产率分别为3.3%和4.3%。通过NMR分析证实了醇和醚键的sp 3-杂化碳原子的存在。NP可以被活细胞吸收,并在细胞膜和细胞质内积累。NPs的急性毒性评估表明,单剂量2 g kg -1给药后,BALB / c小鼠看起来很健康体重。对谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶(GPT),谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT),尿素和肌酐的分析表明,测试组和对照组之间的某些生化参数在统计学上但在生物学上没有显着差异。在测试的小鼠中未观察到明显的器官损伤或明显的组织病理学异常。主要器官的生物分布研究表明,NPs很容易在消化道中积累,并且能够穿过血脑屏障并分散在大脑中。体外NP的消化显示出NP的显着荧光猝灭。这项工作代表了可口可乐和百事可乐中食源性荧光NP的首次报道,并提供了对这些NP的理化特性及其体外体内毒性特性的宝贵见解。
更新日期:2018-01-22
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