A series of α-cyanostyrenes bearing anthracene and electron withdrawing trifluoromethyl units were designed and synthesized. The α-cyanostyrene skeleton favors aggregation induced enhanced emission behavior due to the restriction of intramolecular rotations. Remarkably, the anthryl cyanostyrenes bearing simple trifluoromethyl (CF₃) substituents form stable organogels with enhanced fluorescence emission compared to their solution state. In water, the CF₃ substituted anthrylstyrenes self-assemble into entangled fibrous nano/microstructures through intermolecular H-bonding, π–π stacking and cyano substituent interactions. The morphological features of the aggregates and the gels were substantiated using scanning electron microscopy, TEM, and powder XRD measurements. The stability of the gels was assessed using rheology investigations.

中文翻译：

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由三氟甲基蒽氰基苯乙烯组成的有机凝胶：发射增强和自组装†

设计并合成了一系列带有蒽和吸电子三氟甲基单元的α-氰基苯乙烯。由于分子内旋转的限制，α-氰基苯乙烯骨架有利于聚集诱导的增强的发射行为。值得注意的是，带有简单的三氟甲基（CF ₃）取代基的蒽基氰基苯乙烯与溶液状态相比，形成稳定的有机凝胶，具有增强的荧光发射。在水中，CF ₃取代的蒽苯乙烯通过分子间的氢键键合，π-π堆积和氰基取代基相互作用而自组装成纠缠的纤维纳米/微结构。使用扫描电子显微镜，TEM和粉末XRD测量证实了聚集体和凝胶的形态特征。使用流变学研究评估凝胶的稳定性。