Background

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In the Moroccan context, the role of well-known reproductive factors in breast cancer remains poorly documented. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between menstrual and reproductive factors and breast cancer risk in Moroccan women in the Fez region.

Methods

A case–control study was conducted at the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez between January 2014 and April 2015. A total of 237 cases of breast cancer and 237 age-matched controls were included. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, menstrual and reproductive history, family history of breast cancer, and lifestyle factors was obtained through a structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for breast cancer by menstrual and reproductive factors adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

Early menarche (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.08–2.38) and nulliparity (OR = 3.77, 95% CI: 1.98–7.30) were significantly related to an increased risk of breast cancer, whereas an early age at first full-term pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25–0.65).

Conclusion

The results of this study confirm the role of established reproductive factors for breast cancer in Moroccan women. It identified some susceptible groups at high risk of breast cancer. Preventive interventions and screening should focus on these groups as a priority. These results should be confirmed in a larger, multicenter study.

中文翻译：

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月经和生殖因素与乳腺癌风险：摩洛哥非斯地区的病例对照研究

背景

乳腺癌是全世界女性中最常见的癌症。在摩洛哥的背景下，众所周知的生殖因子在乳腺癌中的作用仍然鲜有记载。这项研究的目的是探讨月经和生殖因素与非斯地区的摩洛哥妇女患乳腺癌的风险之间的关系。

方法

在2014年1月至2015年4月间，在非斯的哈桑二世大学医院进行了病例对照研究。其中包括237例乳腺癌和237例年龄相匹配的对照。通过结构性调查表获得有关社会人口统计学特征，月经和生殖史，乳腺癌家族史以及生活方式因素的信息。条件对数回归模型用于通过经潜在混杂因素调整的月经和生殖因素来估计乳腺癌的优势比和95％置信区间。

结果

初潮早期（OR = 1.60，95％CI：1.08–2.38）和无效性（OR = 3.77，95％CI：1.98–7.30）与乳腺癌风险增加显着相关，而第一次足月就早怀孕与乳腺癌风险降低相关（OR = 0.41，95％CI：0.25-0.65）。

结论

这项研究的结果证实了摩洛哥女性中已确定的生殖因素对乳腺癌的作用。它确定了一些易患乳腺癌的易感人群。预防干预和筛查应优先关注这些人群。这些结果应在更大的多中心研究中得到证实。