The United States and numerous other countries worldwide are currently experiencing a public health crisis due to the abuse of illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) and its analogues. This manuscript describes the development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based method for the multiplex detection of N = 24 IMF analogues and metabolites in whole blood at concentrations as low as 0.1–0.5 ng mL^–1. These available IMFs were fentanyl, norfentanyl, furanyl norfentanyl, remifentanil acid, butyryl norfentanyl, remifentanil, acetyl fentanyl, alfentanil, AH-7921, U-47700, acetyl fentanyl 4-methylphenethyl, acrylfentanyl, para-methoxyfentanyl, despropionyl fentanyl (4-ANPP), furanyl fentanyl, despropionyl para-fluorofentanyl, carfentanil, (±)-cis-3-methyl fentanyl, butyryl fentanyl, isobutyryl fentanyl, sufentanil, valeryl fentanyl, para-fluorobutyryl fentanyl, and para-fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl. Most IMF analogues (N = 22) could be easily distinguished from one another; the isomeric forms butyryl/isobutyryl fentanyl and para-fluorobutyryl/para-fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl could not be differentiated. N = 13 of these IMF analogues were quantified for illustrative purposes, and their forensic quality control standards were also validated for limit of detection (0.017–0.056 ng mL^–1), limit of quantitation (0.100–0.500 ng mL^–1), selectivity/sensitivity, ionization suppression/enhancement (87–118%), process efficiency (60–95%), recovery (64–97%), bias (<20%), and precision (>80%). This flexible, time- and cost-efficient method was successfully implemented at the Montgomery County Coroner’s Office/Miami Valley Regional Crime Laboratory in Dayton, Ohio, where it aided in the analysis of N = 725 postmortem blood samples collected from February 2015 to November 2016.

中文翻译：

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基于LC-MS / MS的方法可在ng ng ^–1浓度下对全血中的24种芬太尼类似物和代谢物进行多重检测

由于滥用非法生产的芬太尼（IMF）及其类似物，美国和世界各地的许多其他国家目前正遭受公共卫生危机。该手稿描述了一种基于液相色谱-串联质谱的方法的开发，该方法可在低至0.1–0.5 ng mL ^–1的浓度下对全血中N = 24 IMF类似物和代谢物进行多重检测。这些可用的IMF是芬太尼，去甲芬太尼，呋喃基去甲芬太尼，瑞芬太尼酸，丁酰基去甲芬太尼，瑞芬太尼，乙酰芬太尼，阿芬太尼，AH-7921，U-47700，乙酰芬太尼4-甲基苯乙基，丙烯芬太尼，对甲氧基芬太尼），呋喃基芬太尼，去丙酰对位-fluorofentanyl，卡芬太尼，（±） -顺式-3-甲基芬太尼，芬太尼丁酰基，异丁芬太尼，舒芬太尼，芬太尼戊酰基，对-fluorobutyryl芬太尼，和第-fluoroisobutyryl芬太尼。大多数IMF类似物（N = 22）可以很容易地彼此区分。异构形式丁/异丁芬太尼和对-fluorobutyryl /第-fluoroisobutyryl芬太尼无法区分。为了说明目的，对N = 13的这些IMF类似物进行了定量，还对法医质量控制标准的检测限（0.017–0.056 ng mL ^–1），定量限（0.100–0.500 ng mL ^{–1）进行了验证。}），选择性/灵敏度，电离抑制/增强（87–118％），过程效率（60–95％），回收率（64–97％），偏差（<20％）和精度（> 80％）。这种灵活，省时且经济高效的方法已在俄亥俄州代顿的蒙哥马利县验尸官办公室/迈阿密谷地区犯罪实验室成功实施，该方法有助于分析从2015年2月至2016年11月收集的N = 725死后血液样本。