Abstract Non-graphitic carbons have shown great potential in sodium ions batteries, however, major hurdle to address is the poor capacity performance. Herein, a facile strategy combining supramolecular chemistry polymerization and nanospace confinement carbonization is proposed to construct interconnected carbon foams with N,P co-doping (MNNPCs) to improve sodium storage performance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements demonstrate that defined MNNPCs display fast charge transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface. And the Na+ diffusion coefficient in the MNNPCs electrodes (1.2 × 10−10 cm2 s−1) is about 22 times than that of reference electrode, suggesting excellent sodium ions diffusion kinetics in MNNPCs electrodes. In particular, MNNPCs are capable of delivering superior specific capacity of 394.5 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 after 100 cycles with an initial coulombic efficiency of 58.7%. Such architecture provides a promising structural platform for the preparation of carbon anode materials for high reversible and high capacity sodium ions batteries.

中文翻译：

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纳米空间限制的氮磷共掺杂碳泡沫作为高可逆和高容量钠离子电池的阳极

摘要 非石墨碳在钠离子电池中显示出巨大的潜力，然而，需要解决的主要障碍是较差的容量性能。在此，提出了一种结合超分子化学聚合和纳米空间限制碳化的简便策略，以构建具有 N,P 共掺杂 (MNNPCs) 的互连碳泡沫，以提高储钠性能。电化学阻抗谱 (EIS) 测量表明，定义的 MNNPC 在电极-电解质界面处显示出快速电荷转移。并且MNNPCs电极中的Na+扩散系数（1.2×10-10 cm2 s-1）约为参比电极的22倍，表明MNNPCs电极中的钠离子扩散动力学优异。特别是，MNNPCs 能够提供 394 的卓越比容量。100 次循环后 50 mA g-1 下为 5 mAh g-1，初始库仑效率为 58.7%。这种结构为制备用于高可逆和高容量钠离子电池的碳负极材料提供了一个有前景的结构平台。