Future generation local communication systems will need to employ THz frequency bands capable of transferring sizable amounts of data. Current THz technology via electrical excitation is limited by the upper limits of device cutoff frequencies and by the lower limits of optical transitions in quantum confined structures. Current metallic THz antennas require high power to overcome scattering losses and tend to have low antenna efficiency. It is shown here via calculation and simulation that graphene can sustain electromagnetic propagation at THz frequencies via engineering the intra‐ and interband contributions to the dynamical conductivity to produce a variable surface impedance microstrip antenna with a several hundred GHz bandwidth. The optimization of a circular graphene microstrip patch antenna on silicon with an optimized return loss of −26 dB, a −10 dB bandwidth of 504 GHz, and an antenna efficiency of −3.4 dB operating at a frequency of 2 THz is reported. An improved antenna efficiency of −0.36 dB can be found at 3.5 THz but is accompanied by a lower bandwidth of about 200 GHz. Such large bandwidths and antenna efficiencies offer significant hope for graphene‐based flexible directional antennas that can be employed for future THz local device‐to‐device communications.

中文翻译：

---

用于THz通信的石墨烯微带贴片超宽带天线

下一代本地通信系统将需要采用能够传输大量数据的太赫兹频段。通过电激发的当前太赫兹技术受到器件截止频率的上限和量子限制结构中光学跃迁的下限的限制。当前的金属太赫兹天线需要高功率来克服散射损耗并且倾向于具有低天线效率。通过计算和仿真表明，石墨烯可以通过设计带内和带间对动态电导率的贡献来维持在太赫兹频率下的电磁传播，从而生产出具有数百GHz带宽的可变表面阻抗微带天线。报告了硅片上圆形石墨烯微带贴片天线的优化，其回波损耗为-26 dB，带宽为-10 GHz的-10 dB，在2 THz频率下的天线效率为-3.4 dB。在3.5 THz时，可以提高−0.36 dB的天线效率，但同时具有约200 GHz的较低带宽。如此大的带宽和天线效率为可用于未来THz本地设备到设备通信的基于石墨烯的柔性定向天线提供了巨大希望。