Biologically derived fluorescent proteins are attractive candidates for lasing and sensing due to their excellent optical properties, including their high quantum yield, spectral tunability, and robustness against concentration quenching. Here, a time‐resolved study of the fluorescence dynamics of protein thin films is reported for the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), the red‐emitting tandem‐dimer protein tdTomato, and blends of EGFP and tdTomato. The exciton dynamics are characterized by using spectrally and time‐resolved measurements of fluorescence and a threefold reduction in lifetime is observed when going from solution to thin film, down to 1 and 0.6 ns for EGFP and tdTomato, respectively. This finding is attributed to a dipole–dipole nonradiative Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) in solid state. The temporal characteristics of FRET in blended thin films are also studied and increased nonradiative transfer rates are found. Finally, efficient sensitization of a semiconductor surface with a protein thin film is reported. Such a configuration may have important implications for energy harvesting in hybrid organic–inorganic solar cells and other hybrid optoelectronic devices.

中文翻译：

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时间分辨研究绿色和红色荧光蛋白薄膜中的能量转移

生物衍生的荧光蛋白具有出色的光学特性，包括高量子产率，光谱可调性和抗浓度猝灭的鲁棒性，因此是激光和传感技术的诱人候选物。在这里，对增强的绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP），红色发光的串联二聚体蛋白tdTomato以及EGFP和tdTomato的混合物进行了蛋白质薄膜荧光动力学的时间分辨研究。激子动力学的特征在于使用光谱和时间分辨的荧光测量，从溶液到薄膜的寿命缩短了三倍，EGFP和tdTomato分别降低到了1 ns和0.6 ns。这一发现归因于固态的偶极-偶极非辐射福斯特共振能量转移（FRET）。还研究了混合薄膜中FRET的时间特性，并发现增加了非辐射传输速率。最后，报道了用蛋白质薄膜对半导体表面的有效敏化。这种配置可能对有机-无机混合太阳能电池和其他混合光电设备中的能量收集具有重要意义。