Aqueous electrochemical energy storages are of enormous attention due to their high safety and being environmentally friendly, but they must satisfy very challenging standards in energy and power densities over long repeated charging/discharging cycles. Herein, a strategy to realize high‐performance aqueous hybrid capacitors (AHCs) using pseudocapacitive negative and positive electrodes is reported. Polymer chains, which are synthesized by in situ polymerization of polyaniline on reduced graphene sheets, show fiber‐like morphologies and the redox‐reactive surface area allowing high capacitance as anode materials even at a high current density of 20 A g⁻¹ and a high loading of ≈6 mg cm⁻². Additionally, subnanoscale metal oxide particles on graphene are utilized as pseudocapacitive cathode materials and they show the approximately threefold higher capacitance than nanocrystals of ≈10 nm. Assembling these polymer chain anode and subnanoscale metal oxide cathode in full‐cell AHCs is shown to give the high energy density exceeding those of aqueous batteries along with the ≈100% capacity retention over 100 000 redox cycles. Additionally, AHCs exhibit the high power density allowing ultrafast charging, so that the switching wearable display kit with two AHCs in series can be charged within several seconds by the flexible photovoltaic module and USB switching charger.

中文翻译：

---

用于水混合电容器的伪电容聚合物链阳极和亚纳米级金属氧化物阴极的合成，可实现高能量和高功率密度以及长循环寿命

水性电化学储能器由于其高安全性和环境友好性而备受关注，但是它们必须在长期反复的充电/放电循环中满足非常具有挑战性的能量和功率密度标准。在本文中，报告了一种使用伪电容性负极和正极来实现高性能水性混合电容器（AHC）的策略。聚合物链，其通过在聚苯胺的原位聚合合成上还原的石墨烯片，显示纤维状形态和所述氧化还原反应的表面积，允许高电容负极材料即使在20甲g的高电流密度^-1和高负荷≈6mg cm ^-2。此外，石墨烯上的亚纳米级金属氧化物颗粒被用作伪电容阴极材料，它们的电容量比≈10nm的纳米晶体高大约三倍。在全电池AHC中组装这些聚合物链阳极和亚纳米级金属氧化物阴极可显示出超过水性电池的高能量密度，以及在100000次氧化还原循环中的≈100％容量保持率。此外，AHC具有高功率密度，可实现超快充电，因此带有两个AHC的开关可穿戴显示套件可通过柔性光伏模块和USB开关充电器在几秒钟内充电。