Nature has been producing cellulose since long before man walked the surface of the earth. Millions of years of natural design and testing have resulted in cellulose‐based structures that are an inspiration for the production of synthetic materials based on cellulose with properties that can mimic natural designs, functions, and properties. Here, five sections describe cellulose‐based materials with characteristics that are inspired by gratings that exist on the petals of the plants, structurally colored materials, helical filaments produced by plants, water‐responsive materials in plants, and environmental stimuli‐responsive tissues found in insects and plants. The synthetic cellulose‐based materials described herein are in the form of fibers and films. Fascinating multifunctional materials are prepared from cellulose‐based liquid crystals and from composite cellulosic materials that combine functionality with structural performance. Future and recent applications are outlined.

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基于纤维素的仿生药及其应用

大自然早在人类走过地球表面之前就已经开始产生纤维素了。数百万年的自然设计和测试已经产生了以纤维素为基础的结构，这对生产基于纤维素的合成材料具有启发性，该合成材料可以模仿自然的设计，功能和特性。在这里，有五个部分描述了纤维素基材料，这些材料的特性受到植物花瓣上存在的光栅，结构上有色材料，植物产生的螺旋细丝，植物中对水敏感的材料以及对环境刺激敏感的组织的启发。昆虫和植物。本文所述的合成纤维素基材料为纤维和薄膜形式。令人着迷的多功能材料由纤维素基液晶和兼具功能性和结构性能的复合纤维素材料制成。概述了未来和最近的应用。