Human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs, EC 4.2.1.1) IX and XII are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers and are considered available drug targets for anti-tumor therapy since their inhibition has been shown to reduce tumor growth and metastasis. A set of coumarin derivatives (1–10) and several 1-aryl and 2-aryl-substituted chromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4-ones (11–37) and pyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-4-ones (38–39) were synthesized and tested against the tumor-associated hCAs IX and XII and the cytosolic isoforms hCAs I and II. Several compounds were potent (K_i < 41 nM) and selective inhibitors of the hCA IX (13, 14, 19, 21, 25, 31, 33, 37 and 39), some derivatives (6, 11 and 17) were active against both hCA IX and XII isoforms (K_i = 5.6–9.6 nM), while none were effective against the off-target cytosolic hCAs I and II. Some selected inhibitors (6, 11, 13, 19, 21, 25, 31 and 39) showed activity as antiproliferative agents on HT-29 colon cancer cell lines both in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. This finding led us to hypothesize for these derivatives more than one mechanism of action, involving hCAs IX and XII inhibition in hypoxia and other not identified target(s) in normoxia.

人碳酸酐酶（hCAs，EC 4.2.1.1）IX和XII在多种癌症中均过表达，并被视为可用于抗肿瘤治疗的药物靶标，因为它们的抑制作用已显示出可减少肿瘤的生长和转移。一组香豆素衍生物（1-10）和几个被1-芳基和2-芳基取代的chromeno [4,3-c]吡唑-4-酮（11-37）和吡喃并[4,3-c] pyrazol-合成了4-ones（38–39），并针对与肿瘤相关的hCAs IX和XII以及胞质亚型hCAs I和II进行了测试。一些化合物有效的（K_我 <41纳米）和（所述Hca IX的选择性抑制剂13，14，19，21，25，31，33，37和39），一些衍生物（6，11和17）反对两者HCA IX和XII的同种型（K活性_我 = 5.6-9.6纳米），而没有一个是针对脱靶胞质HCAS我有效和二。一些选定的抑制剂（6，11，13，19，21，25，31和39）在常氧和低氧条件下均对HT-29结肠癌细胞系具有抗增殖活性。这一发现使我们为这些衍生物推测了一种以上的作用机制，涉及在低氧条件下抑制hCAs IX和XII，而在常氧条件下抑制其他未确定的靶标。