Abstract Double thermal diffusion bonding experiment, electron probe microstructure analysis and first principle calculation were used to investigate the potency of titanium, zirconium and aluminum oxides in steels in promoting ferrite formation. Oxides studied here include TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5 and TiO2 as well as ZrO2 and Al2O3. During thermal diffusion bonding experiment, the specimen was first held at 1200 °C for 10 min and then rapidly cooled to the dual phase region of the matrix steels for isothermal holding, followed by direct quenching to room temperature. The potency and/or efficiency of the oxides in promoting ferrite nucleation was differentiated by the choice of different matrix, the austenization temperature and the isothermal holding temperature within the dual phase region. Mn was found in the interior of all the oxides except TiO with Fe-C-Mn steel as the matrix. Ni was not found in the interior of all the oxides with Fe-C-Ni steel as the matrix. The promoting ferrite nucleation induced by Ti2O3 and Ti3O5 is explained by Mn-depletion zone formation. The promoting ferrite nucleation induced by TiO2 and ZrO2 can be explained by Mn and/or C-depletion zone formation. The promoting ferrite nucleation by Al2O3 can be explained by Mn depletion zone formation and/or lower interfacial energy theory.

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钛、锆、铝氧化物促进铁素体形核的实验及第一性原理计算研究

摘要 采用双热扩散键合实验、电子探针显微组织分析和第一性原理计算，研究了钢中钛、锆和铝的氧化物促进铁素体形成的效力。此处研究的氧化物包括 TiO、Ti2O3、Ti3O5 和 TiO2 以及 ZrO2 和 Al2O3。在热扩散结合实验中，试样首先在 1200℃保温 10 分钟，然后快速冷却到基体钢的双相区进行等温保温，然后直接淬火至室温。氧化物在促进铁素体成核方面的效力和/或效率因选择不同的基体、奥氏体化温度和双相区域内的等温保持温度而不同。在Fe-C-Mn钢为基体的除TiO之外的所有氧化物的内部都发现了Mn。以Fe-C-Ni钢为基体的所有氧化物内部均未发现Ni。Ti2O3 和 Ti3O5 促进铁素体形核的原因是锰耗尽区的形成。由 TiO2 和 ZrO2 引起的促进铁素体成核可以通过 Mn 和/或 C 耗尽区的形成来解释。Al2O3 促进铁素体形核可以用 Mn 耗尽区的形成和/或较低的界面能理论来解释。由 TiO2 和 ZrO2 引起的促进铁素体成核可以通过 Mn 和/或 C 耗尽区的形成来解释。Al2O3 促进铁素体形核可以用 Mn 耗尽区的形成和/或较低的界面能理论来解释。由 TiO2 和 ZrO2 引起的促进铁素体成核可以通过 Mn 和/或 C 耗尽区的形成来解释。Al2O3 促进铁素体形核可以用 Mn 耗尽区的形成和/或较低的界面能理论来解释。