DNA-based switches are structure-switching biomolecules widely employed in different bioanalytical applications. Of particular interest are DNA-based switches whose activity is regulated through the use of allostery. Allostery is a naturally occurring mechanism in which ligand binding induces the modulation and fine control of a connected biomolecule function as a consequence of changes in concentration of the effector. Through this general mechanism, many different allosteric DNA-based switches able to respond in a highly controlled way at the presence of a specific molecular effector have been engineered. Here, we discuss how to design allosterically regulated DNA-based switches and their applications in the field of molecular sensing, diagnostic and drug release.

中文翻译：

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变构调控的基于 DNA 的开关：从设计到生物分析应用

基于 DNA 的开关是结构转换生物分子，广泛用于不同的生物分析应用。特别令人感兴趣的是基于 DNA 的开关，其活动通过使用变构进行调节。变构是一种自然发生的机制，在该机制中，由于效应物浓度的变化，配体结合诱导了对连接的生物分子功能的调节和精细控制。通过这种一般机制，已经设计了许多不同的基于 DNA 的变构开关，它们能够在特定分子效应器存在时以高度可控的方式做出反应。在这里，我们讨论如何设计变构调节的基于 DNA 的开关及其在分子传感、诊断和药物释放领域的应用。