Sweden has played a major role in the development of psychosocial work environment research.¹ In addition, Sweden, along with the other Nordic countries, has unique possibilities to link questionnaire data to administrative registers on demographics, employment and health. Despite this, the country has not previously had a prospective cohort with regularly repeated measures of work environment and health. The strengths of longitudinal studies in epidemiological research, as opposed to cross-sectional studies, are well known. Still, a significant part of the available evidence on associations between psychosocial work characteristics and health has been based on cross-sectional studies, making it difficult to separate cause and effect. Both selection and reverse causation are often plausible alternatives to a causal interpretation.^2,3 Associations may also be inflated by common method bias, since self-ratings are often used for both exposures and outcomes.⁴ Repeated measures of both psychosocial work factors and health outcomes have become more common, but are often treated with cross-sectional methodologies using information on exposure variables from one time point to predict outcome variables from the next.⁵ Although preferable to cross-sectional studies, such approaches do not rule out reverse causation and contribute little or no understanding of causal mechanisms. Longitudinal studies with multiple repeat measures of both exposures and outcomes are therefore needed to advance our understanding of causality.

中文翻译：

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队列简介：瑞典卫生职业纵向调查（SLOSH）。

瑞典在社会心理工作环境研究的发展中发挥了重要作用。^1个此外，瑞典与北欧其他国家一样，拥有将问卷调查数据链接到有关人口统计，就业和卫生的行政登记册的独特可能性。尽管如此，该国以前没有定期对工作环境和健康进行定期测量的预期人群。与横断面研究相反，纵向研究在流行病学研究中的优势是众所周知的。尽管如此，有关社会心理工作特征与健康之间关系的现有证据的很大一部分仍是基于横断面研究，因此很难将因果关系分开。选择和反向因果关系通常都是因果关系解释的合理替代方案。^{2 ，3}关联也可能会因常见的方法偏见而夸大，因为自我评估经常用于暴露和结果。⁴对社会心理工作因素和健康结果的重复测量已变得更为普遍，但通常采用横断面方法进行处理，使用一个时间点的暴露变量信息来预测下一个时间点的结果变量。⁵尽管比横断面研究更可取，但这种方法并不能排除反向因果关系，并且对因果机制的理解很少甚至没有。因此，需要对暴露和结果进行多次重复测量的纵向研究，以增进我们对因果关系的理解。