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The Opioid Epidemic: Crisis and Solutions
Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology ( IF 12.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052534
Phil Skolnick 1
Affiliation  

The widespread abuse of prescription opioids and a dramatic increase in the availability of illicit opioids have created what is commonly referred to as the opioid epidemic. The magnitude of this epidemic is startling: About 4% of the adult US population misuses prescription opioids, and in 2015, more than 33,000 deaths were attributable to overdose with licit and illicit opioids. Increasing the availability of medication-assisted treatments (such as buprenorphine and naltrexone), the use of abuse-deterrent formulations, and the adoption of US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention prescribing guidelines all constitute short-term approaches to quell this epidemic. However, with more than 125 million Americans suffering from either acute or chronic pain, the development of effective alternatives to opioids, enabled at least in part by a fuller understanding of the neurobiological bases of pain, offers the best long-term solution for controlling and ultimately eradicating this epidemic.

中文翻译:


阿片类药物流行病:危机与解决方案

处方阿片类药物的广泛滥用和非法阿片类药物的供应急剧增加,造成了通常被称为阿片类药物的流行。这种流行病的严重程度令人吃惊:大约4%的美国成年人滥用处方阿片类药物,2015年,合法和非法阿片类药物过量导致了33,000多人死亡。药物辅助治疗(如丁丙诺啡和纳曲酮)的可用性不断提高,滥用抑制剂的使用以及美国疾病控制与预防中心的处方指南的采用,都构成了遏制这种流行病的短期方法。但是,随着超过一亿两千五百万的美国人遭受急性或慢性疼痛的困扰,有效的替代阿片类药物的替代品的开发,

更新日期:2018-01-08
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