Abstract Thick-electrode design toward high energy density per device is of particular importance for supercapacitors to store large amount of energy, but this remains a seemingly insurmountable challenge due to sluggish electron transport. The challenge is addressed herein by developing an electrically and ionically conducting framework which consists of α-Fe2O3 nanorods, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polyaniline (PANi) hydrogel. The interconnecting composite framework is formed by in situ polymerizing aniline on the surface of α-Fe2O3 nanorods and CNTs; the nanorods are found to well disperse in the matrix. The framework can provide low-resistance, continuous transport pathways for both electrons and electrolyte ions in the entire electrode system, maximizing the energy use of the nanorods. An anode of ∼100 μm in thickness is fabricated using the composite framework, corresponding to a mass loading of 9.3 mg cm−2. It delivers high area capacitance of 2434.7 mF cm−2 and cycling capacitance retention of 96.3% after 10,000 cycles. This work would shed light on the design of thick electrodes toward high-capacity energy storage devices.

中文翻译：

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将用于高性能阳极的α-Fe 2 O 3 纳米棒/聚苯胺/CNT凝胶框架传导至超级电容器

摘要 每个器件的高能量密度的厚电极设计对于超级电容器存储大量能量特别重要，但由于电子传输缓慢，这仍然是一个看似无法克服的挑战。本文通过开发由 α-Fe2O3 纳米棒、多壁碳纳米管 (CNT) 和聚苯胺 (PANi) 水凝胶组成的导电和离子导电框架来解决这一挑战。通过在α-Fe2O3纳米棒和CNTs表面原位聚合苯胺形成相互连接的复合骨架；发现纳米棒很好地分散在基质中。该框架可以为整个电极系统中的电子和电解质离子提供低电阻、连续的传输途径，最大限度地提高纳米棒的能量利用率。使用复合框架制造约 100 μm 厚度的阳极，对应于 9.3 mg cm-2 的质量负载。它提供 2434.7 mF cm-2 的高面积电容和 10,000 次循环后 96.3% 的循环电容保持率。这项工作将为设计用于高容量储能设备的厚电极提供启示。