δ-Tocopherol (δ-TOH) is a form of vitamin E with higher bioactivity. In this study, we studied the bioactivity of δ-TOH using the IC₅₀ of δ-TOH on RAW264.7 (80 μM) and K562 (110 μM) cells. We compared the differential metabolites from the cell lines with and without δ-TOH treatment by ¹H NMR metabonomics analysis. It was found that δ-TOH affected the protein biosynthesis, betaine metabolism, and urea cycle in various ways in both cell lines. Metabolic levels of the cell lines were changed after treatment with δ-TOH as differential metabolites were produced. The betaine level in RAW264.7 cells was reduced significantly, while the l-lactic acid level in K562 cells was significantly enhanced. The metabolic changes might contribute to the switch of the respiration pattern from aerobic respiration to anaerobic respiration in K562 cells. These results are helpful in further understanding the subtoxicity of δ-TOH.

中文翻译：

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基于¹ H NMR代谢组学分析δ-生育酚对RAW264.7和K562细胞的影响

δ-生育酚（δ-TOH）是一种具有较高生物活性的维生素E。在这项研究中，我们使用δ-TOH的IC ₅₀研究了RAW-264.7（80μM）和K562（110μM）细胞上δ-TOH的生物活性。我们通过¹ H NMR代谢组学分析比较了有和没有δ-TOH处理的细胞系中的差异代谢产物。发现在两种细胞系中，δ-TOH均以各种方式影响蛋白质的生物合成，甜菜碱代谢和尿素循环。用δ-TOH处理后，细胞系的代谢水平发生了变化，因为产生了不同的代谢产物。在RAW264.7细胞中甜菜碱水平显著减少，而升K562细胞中的α-乳酸水平显着提高。代谢变化可能有助于呼吸模式从K562细胞中的有氧呼吸转变为无氧呼吸。这些结果有助于进一步了解δ-TOH的亚毒性。