Nanocrystals are regarded as an important nanoformulation approach exhibiting advantages of increased dissolution and saturation solubility with chemical stability and low toxicity. Nanocrystals are produced in the form of nanosuspensions using top-down (e.g., wet milling or high pressure homogenization) and bottom-up methods (e.g., antisolvent precipitation). Wet milling is a scalable method applicable to drugs with different physicochemical and mechanical properties. Nanocrystalline-based formulations, either as liquid nanosuspensions or after downstream processing to solid dosage forms, have been developed as drug delivery systems for various routes of administration (i.e., oral, parenteral, pulmonary, ocular, and dermal). In this review, we summarize and discuss the features, preparation methods, and therapeutic applications of pharmaceutical nanocrystals, highlighting their universality as a formulation approach for poorly soluble drugs.

纳米晶体被认为是一种重要的纳米配方方法，其显示出增加的溶解度和饱和溶解度以及化学稳定性和低毒性的优点。使用自上而下的方法（例如，湿磨或高压均质）和自下而上的方法（例如，反溶剂沉淀）以纳米悬浮液的形式生产纳米晶体。湿磨是一种可扩展的方法，适用于具有不同理化和机械特性的药物。基于纳米晶体的制剂，无论是液体纳米混悬剂，还是在下游加工成固体剂型后，都已开发成用于各种给药途径（即口服，肠胃外，肺，眼和皮肤）的药物递送系统。在这篇评论中，我们总结并讨论了功能，制备方法，