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Toxicokinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to metal-contaminated soils under different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content
Chemosphere ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.019
M. Nazaret González-Alcaraz , Susana Loureiro , Cornelis A.M. van Gestel

This study evaluated how different combinations of air temperature (20 °C and 25 °C) and soil moisture content (50% and 30% of the soil water holding capacity, WHC), reflecting realistic climate change scenarios, affect the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Earthworms were exposed for 21 d to two metal-contaminated soils (uptake phase), followed by 21 d incubation in non-contaminated soil (elimination phase). Body Zn and Cd concentrations were checked in time and metal uptake (k1) and elimination (k2) rate constants determined; metal bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated as k1/k2. Earthworms showed extremely fast uptake and elimination of Zn, regardless of the exposure level. Climate conditions had no major impacts on the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn, although a tendency towards lower k1 and k2 values was observed at 25 °C + 30% WHC. Earthworm Cd concentrations gradually increased with time upon exposure to metal-contaminated soils, especially at 50% WHC, and remained constant or slowly decreased following transfer to non-contaminated soil. Different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content changed the bioaccumulation kinetics of Cd, leading to higher k1 and k2 values for earthworms incubated at 25 °C + 50% WHC and slower Cd kinetics at 25 °C + 30% WHC. This resulted in greater BAFs for Cd at warmer and drier environments which could imply higher toxicity risks but also of transfer of Cd within the food chain under the current global warming perspective.



中文翻译:

在蚯蚓Zn和Cd的毒物动力学赤子爱胜安德烈暴露于金属污染土壤下空气温度和土壤水分含量的不同组合

这项研究评估了气温(20°C和25°C)和土壤水分(土壤持水量的50%和30%,WHC)的不同组合如何反映现实的气候变化情景,对锌的生物累积动力学的影响C(Eisenia andrei)中的镉和镉。将s暴露于两种金属污染的土壤中21 d(摄取阶段),然后在未污染的土壤中孵育21 d(消除阶段)。及时检查体内锌和镉的浓度,确定金属吸收率(k 1)和消除率(k 2)常数;金属生物蓄积因子(BAF)计算为k 1 / k 2。不论暴露水平如何,showed都表现出极快的锌吸收和消除。尽管在25°C + 30%WHC下观察到k 1和k 2值趋于降低的趋势,但气候条件对Zn的生物累积动力学没有重大影响。to在暴露于金属污染的土壤中(尤其是在50%WHC时)的Cd浓度随时间逐渐增加,并在转移到未污染的土壤后保持恒定或缓慢降低。空气温度和土壤水分的不同组合改变了Cd的生物累积动力学,导致k 1和k 2更高在25°C + 50%WHC下温育的worm的Cd值和在25°C + 30%WHC下较慢的Cd动力学。这导致在温暖和干燥的环境下,镉的BAF值更高,这可能意味着更高的毒性风险,而且在当前全球变暖的视角下,这也意味着镉在食物链中的转移。

更新日期:2018-01-08
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