Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a keratinocyte-derived skin tumor. It is the second-most-common cancer affecting the Caucasian population and is responsible for >20% of all skin-cancer-related deaths. The estimated incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in the USA is >1 000 000 cases per year, of which roughly 20–30% are squamous cell carcinoma. To better understand and treat this challenging cancer, current research focuses on development of novel strategies to improve the understanding of tumor biogenesis on an individual basis. microRNAs are becoming important biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cSCC. This review describes the current knowledge on miRNA expression in cSCC and its role as a biomarker for personalized medicine.

皮肤鳞状细胞癌（cSCC）是角质形成细胞衍生的皮肤肿瘤。它是影响白种人人口的第二大常见癌症，占所有与皮肤癌相关的死亡人数的20％以上。在美国，非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的估计发病率每年> 1 000 000例，其中约20–30％是鳞状细胞癌。为了更好地理解和治疗这种具有挑战性的癌症，当前的研究重点是开发新的策略，以提高对个体肿瘤生物发生的理解。microRNA在cSCC的诊断，预后和治疗中正成为重要的生物标志物。这篇综述描述了有关cSCC中miRNA表达的最新知识及其作为个性化药物的生物标记物的作用。