Formic acid is a widely used commodity chemical. It can be used as a safe, easily handled, and transported source of hydrogen or carbon monoxide for different reactions, including those producing fuels. The review includes historical aspects of formic acid production. It briefly analyzes production based on traditional sources, such as carbon monoxide, methanol, and methane. However, the main emphasis is on the sustainable production of formic acid from biomass and biomass‐derived products through hydrolysis and oxidation processes. New strategies of low‐temperature synthesis from biomass may lead to the utilization of formic acid for the production of fuel additives, such as methanol; upgraded bio‐oil; γ‐valerolactone and its derivatives; and synthesis gas used for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons. Some technological aspects are also considered.

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努力实现甲酸的可持续生产

甲酸是一种广泛使用的商品化学品。它可以用作各种反应（包括生产燃料的反应）的安全，易于处理和运输的氢或一氧化碳来源。审查包括甲酸生产的历史方面。它简要分析了基于传统来源的生产，例如一氧化碳，甲醇和甲烷。但是，主要重点是通过水解和氧化过程从生物质和生物质衍生产品中可持续生产甲酸。由生物质低温合成的新策略可能导致利用甲酸来生产甲醇等燃料添加剂；升级的生物油；γ-戊内酯及其衍生物；和用于费-托合成烃的合成气。