Nonenzyme direct electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide and glucose by highly active nanomaterial-modified electrode has attracted considerable attention. Among the reported electrochemical sensing materials, hollow carbon sphere (HCS) is an attractive carbon support because of its large specific surface area, porous structure, and easy accessibility for target molecules. In this study, naked Pt nanoparticles with average size of 3.13 nm are confined in mesoporous shells of hollow carbon spheres (Pt/HCS) by using one-step synthesis, which can not only produce highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles with clean surface, but also avoid the relatively slow impregnation–reduction process. The surface area of the obtained Pt/HCS (566.30 m² g^–1) is larger than that of HCS, attributing to the enlarged surface area after Pt nanoparticles deposition. The average pore width of Pt/HCS (3.33 nm) is smaller than that of HCS (3.84 nm), indicating the filling of Pt nanoparticles in the mesopores of carbon shells. By using the as-synthesized Pt/HCS as nonenzymatic sensing material, H₂O₂ and glucose can be detected with high sensitivity and selectivity. The linear range toward H₂O₂ sensing is from 0.3 to 2338 μM, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.1 μM. For glucose sensing, Pt/HCS exhibited two linear ranges from 0.3 to 10 mM and from 10 to 50 mM with an LOD of 0.1 mM. In addition, the Pt/HCS exhibited higher electrochemical stability than commercial Pt/C in acid solution. The present study demonstrates that Pt/HCS is a promising sensing material for electrochemical detection of both H₂O₂ and glucose.

中文翻译：

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H ₂ O ₂和葡萄糖的高性能非酶感测的空心碳球介孔壳中的小裸Pt纳米颗粒

通过高活性纳米材料修饰的电极对过氧化氢和葡萄糖的非酶直接电化学感测引起了广泛的关注。在已报道的电化学传感材料中，中空碳球（HCS）由于其大的比表面积，多孔结构和目标分子的易接近性而成为有吸引力的碳载体。在这项研究中，通过一步合成，将平均尺寸为3.13 nm的裸露Pt纳米颗粒限制在空心碳球（Pt / HCS）的介孔壳中，这不仅可以生产出具有高度清洁表面的Pt纳米颗粒，而且还可以避免浸渍-还原过程相对较慢。获得的Pt / HCS的表面积（566.30 m ² g ^–1）大于HCS，归因于Pt纳米颗粒沉积后的表面积增加。Pt / HCS的平均孔径（3.33 nm）小于HCS（3.84 nm），表明Pt纳米颗粒填充在碳壳的中孔中。通过将合成后的Pt / HCS用作非酶感测材料，可以高灵敏度和高选择性地检测H ₂ O ₂和葡萄糖。朝向H ₂ O ₂的线性范围检测范围为0.3至2338μM，检测极限（LOD）为0.1μM。对于葡萄糖感测，Pt / HCS表现出两个线性范围，从0.3到10 mM和从10到50 mM，LOD为0.1 mM。此外，在酸性溶液中，Pt / HCS的电化学稳定性高于商用Pt / C。本研究表明，Pt / HCS是用于H ₂ O ₂和葡萄糖的电化学检测的有前途的传感材料。