Methods to synthesize black phosphorus (BP) have been studied over the last few decades with several challenges remaining to be solved. In this paper, BP flakes were synthesized using a novel method, which we named as “Pressure Quenching” approach. Briefly, BP was obtained from red phosphorus (RP) through a controllable phase transition under conditions below 0.4 GPa and 580 °C. The mechanism was investigated in detail via a decompression process at fixed temperature with the phase transition exhibiting an energy barrier dependence. Meanwhile, an extra tunable energy was generated by pressure quenching as a supplement for the phase transition. Therefore, the transition from RP to BP could be easily controlled by tuning the applied pressure.

中文翻译：

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压力淬火：合成黑磷的新途径†

在过去的几十年中，已经研究了合成黑磷（BP）的方法，尚待解决一些挑战。在本文中，使用一种新方法合成了BP薄片，我们将其称为“压力淬火”方法。简而言之，在低于0.4 GPa和580°C的条件下，红磷（RP）通过可控的相变获得了BP。通过固定温度下的减压过程详细研究了该机理，其中相变表现出能垒依赖性。同时，通过压力淬火产生了额外的可调谐能量，作为相变的补充。因此，可以通过调节施加的压力轻松控制从RP到BP的过渡。