A pure SnO₂ film consisting of SnO₂ nanocrystals with a size of ~ 15 nm can deliver a stable and high capacity > 900 mAhg⁻¹ for 100 cycles. Unlike the previous perception, the capacity decay in the initial cycles of the SnO₂ anode is mainly induced by the gradual degradation of the reversible conversion reaction (Sn + Li₂O←→SnO₂) at a potential > 1.0 V due to Sn coarsening with cycling. The coarsening of Sn has a significant impact on the reversible capacity, Coulombic efficiency, energy efficiency and Li⁺ ion diffusion kinetics of the SnO₂ electrode. The grain size of coarsening Sn and the degree of irreversibility monotonically increase with cycling, which is quantitatively expressed with a linear equation. It is extrapolated that if the Sn grains remain with diameters < 11 nm, the fast interdiffusion kinetics among the interfaces of Sn/Li₂O will enable complete reversible conversion reactions in lithiated SnO₂ electrodes. Since the stability of nanostructured interfaces in metal (M)/Li_nX (X = O, F, S) compounds is also crucial for the reversible conversion reactions in binary M-X compounds, we firmly believe that these results will provide valuable insight into the design of new conversion-type electrode materials with high and stable capacities for next-generation rechargeable batteries.

由大小约为15 nm的SnO ₂纳米晶体组成的纯SnO ₂膜可在100个循环中提供稳定且高容量的> 900 mAhg ^-1。与以前的认识不同，SnO ₂阳极初始循环中的容量衰减主要是由于Sn粗化导致可逆转化反应（Sn + Li ₂ O←→SnO ₂）在电势> 1.0 V时逐渐降解而引起的。与骑自行车。Sn的粗化对SnO ₂的可逆容量，库仑效率，能量效率和Li ⁺离子扩散动力学有重要影响。电极。粗化Sn的晶粒尺寸和不可逆度随循环而单调增加，用线性方程式定量表示。可以推断出，如果保留的Sn晶粒直径小于11 nm，则Sn / Li ₂ O界面之间的快速相互扩散动力学将使锂化SnO ₂电极中的反应完全可逆。由于金属（M）/ Li _n X（X = O，F，S）化合物中纳米结构界面的稳定性对于二元MX化合物中的可逆转化反应也至关重要，因此我们坚信，这些结果将为我们提供有价值的见解。设计用于下一代可充电电池的高容量和稳定容量的新型转换型电极材料。