In the present study, starched silver nanoparticles (St-AgNPs) were synthesized by using polyphenolic compounds from aqueous extracts of Malus domestica-Green Delicious (MD-GD) and Lagenaria siceraria (LS) with starch. This combination not only gears up the synthesizing parameters but also the removal efficiency of dyes making it facile to be used on industrial scale. The surface morphology of pure, crystalline and non-agglomerated, spherical NPs was determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. The reduction of Ag^+ 1 to Ag⁰ by polyphenolic compounds from green reducing agents and their stabilization by starch was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. St-AgNPs were then employed for the removal of industrial dye, Malachite Green (MG) by adsorption method. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the operating parameters (OP) including sorbent dosage, contact time, dye concentration and temperature. % Removal Efficiency (%RE) at optimized OP was found to be 85.01% and 95.90% for St-AgNPs-MD-GD and St-AgNPs-LS, respectively. It was observed that the Langmuir isotherm was best fitted for the St-AgNPs-MD-GD system while for other systems Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) was established more feasible at higher temperatures. The thermodynamic study was also conducted and ΔG^°, ΔS^°, and ΔH^° were estimated. The kinetics of dye removal depicted the pseudo second order rate constant for St-AgNPs-MD-GD system, whereas pseudo first order was observed for the St-AgNPs-LS system. Desorption of dye from adsorbent and pH_pzc were also investigated. The cost evaluation of adsorbent per cubic meter was also found. It was about 126.5US$ for St-AgNPs-MD-GD and 58.10US$ for St-AgNPs-LS. The results obtained from the present study represent that this improved process can be employed on the industrial scale in economical way.

在本研究中，浆的银纳米颗粒（ST-的AgNPs）通过使用从水提取物的多酚化合物合成海棠斯蒂卡-绿色美味（MD-GD）和瓠瓜与淀粉（LS）。这种结合不仅提高了合成参数，而且还提高了染料的去除效率，使其易于在工业规模上使用。通过X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术确定了纯的，结晶的和未团聚的球形NP的表面形态。将Ag ⁺¹还原为Ag ⁰傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）研究证实了绿色还原剂中的多酚化合物对淀粉的稳定作用以及淀粉对淀粉的稳定作用。然后，采用St-AgNPs通过吸附法去除工业染料孔雀石绿（MG）。使用响应表面方法（RSM）来优化操作参数（OP），包括吸附剂量，接触时间，染料浓度和温度。发现在优化的OP下，St-AgNPs-MD-GD和St-AgNPs-LS的去除效率百分比（％RE）分别为85.01％和95.90％。据观察，Langmuir等温线最适合用于St-AgNPs-MD-GD系统，而在其他系统中，Dubinin–Radushkevich（DR）在较高温度下更可行。还进行了热力学研究，ΔG ^°，ΔS ^°，和ΔH ^°被估计。去除染料的动力学描述了St-AgNPs-MD-GD系统的假二级速率常数，而St-AgNPs-LS系统的假一级速率常数。还研究了染料从吸附剂和pH _pzc上的解吸。还发现了每立方米吸附剂的成本评估。St-AgNPs-MD-GD约为126.5美元，St-AgNPs-LS约为58.10美元。从本研究中获得的结果表明，这种改进的方法可以经济的方式应用于工业规模。