An unprecedented expansion of household photovoltaic (PV) systems coincided with a marked decline in household electricity demand in several jurisdictions around the world. This was driven by falling PV prices and the installation of more energy efficient residential appliances (EE). However, existing net metering arrangements value self-consumption of PV far more than PV exports to the grid. As a result, energy savings from EE that considerably reduce household PV self-consumption could also reduce the value of PV systems. Since PV exports generally utilise only part of the distribution grid, ‘local generation network credits’ (LGNCs) have been proposed to increase the value of PV exports. LGNCs also have the potential to improve the combined value of PV and EE. Given the large variability of the household PV generation and load and the time-varying structure of LGNCs, an empirical probabilistic method is proposed in this paper in order to assess the combined PV-EE value with the LGNC arrangements. The results show how simplistic feed-in tariffs have an adverse impact on the combined PV-EE value and how LGNCs can assist in removing barriers to the combined uptake of these two key clean energy technologies.

中文翻译：

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通过能源效率和当地发电网络信贷的机会评估住宅光伏出口的增长

家庭光伏 (PV) 系统的空前扩张与全球多个司法管辖区的家庭电力需求显着下降相吻合。这是由光伏价格下降和安装更节能的家用电器 (EE) 推动的。然而，现有的净计量安排对光伏自用的价值远远超过向电网出口的光伏。因此，可显着减少家庭光伏自耗的 EE 节能也可能降低光伏系统的价值。由于光伏出口通常只使用配电网的一部分，“本地发电网络信用”(LGNCs) 已被提议用于增加光伏出口的价值。LGNCs 也有潜力提高光伏和电力能源的综合价值。鉴于家庭光伏发电和负荷的巨大可变性以及 LGNC 的时变结构，本文提出了一种经验概率方法，以评估与 LGNC 布置的组合 PV-EE 值。结果表明，过分简化的上网电价如何对 PV-EE 的组合价值产生不利影响，以及 LGNC 如何帮助消除对这两种关键清洁能源技术的联合应用的障碍。