Bioinspired smart asymmetric nanochannel membranes (BSANM) have been explored extensively to achieve the delicate ionic transport functions comparable to those of living organisms. The abiotic system exhibits superior stability and robustness, allowing for promising applications in many fields. In view of the abundance of research concerning BSANM in the past decade, herein, we present a systematic overview of the development of the state-of-the-art BSANM system. The discussion is focused on the construction methodologies based on raw materials with diverse dimensions (i.e. 0D, 1D, 2D, and bulk). A generic strategy for the design and construction of the BSANM system is proposed first and put into context with recent developments from homogeneous to heterogeneous nanochannel membranes. Then, the basic properties of the BSANM are introduced including selectivity, gating, and rectification, which are associated with the particular chemical and physical structures. Moreover, we summarized the practical applications of BSANM in energy conversion, biochemical sensing and other areas. In the end, some personal opinions on the future development of the BSANM are briefly illustrated. This review covers most of the related literature reported since 2010 and is intended to build up a broad and deep knowledge base that can provide a solid information source for the scientific community.

中文翻译：

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生物启发的智能不对称纳米通道膜

生物启发的智能不对称纳米通道膜（BSANM）已被广泛研究，以实现与活生物体相当的精细离子传输功能。非生物系统具有出色的稳定性和鲁棒性，可在许多领域中应用前景广阔。鉴于过去十年中有关BSANM的大量研究，在此，我们对最新的BSANM系统的开发进行了系统的概述。讨论的重点是基于不同尺寸原材料的建筑方法（即0D，1D，2D和批量）。首先提出了BSANM系统设计和构建的通用策略，并将其与从均相纳米膜到异质纳米通道膜的最新发展相结合。然后，介绍了BSANM的基本特性，包括选择性，门控和精馏，这些特性与特定的化学和物理结构有关。此外，我们总结了BSANM在能量转换，生化传感和其他领域的实际应用。最后，简要说明了对BSANM未来发展的一些个人看法。这篇综述涵盖了自2010年以来报道的大多数相关文献，旨在建立一个广泛而深入的知识库，可以为科学界提供可靠的信息来源。