Annual Review of Marine Science ( IF 17.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-03 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121916-063249 Sam J. Purkis 1
Carbonate precipitation has been a common life strategy for marine organisms for 3.7 billion years, as, therefore, has their construction of reefs. As favored by modern corals, reef-forming organisms have typically adopted a niche in warm, shallow, well-lit, tropical marine waters, where they are capable of building vast carbonate edifices. Because fossil reefs form water aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs, considerable effort has been dedicated to understanding their anatomy and morphology. Remote sensing has a particular role to play here. Interpretation of satellite images has done much to reveal the grand spatial and temporal tapestry of tropical reefs. Comparative sedimentology, whereby modern environments are contrasted with the rock record to improve interpretation, has been particularly transformed by observations made from orbit. Satellite mapping has also become a keystone technology to quantify the coral reef crisis—it can be deployed not only directly to quantify the distribution of coral communities, but also indirectly to establish a climatology for their physical environment. This article reviews the application of remote sensing to tropical coralgal reefs in order to communicate how this fast-growing technology might be central to addressing the coral reef crisis and to look ahead at future developments in the science.
中文翻译:
遥感热带珊瑚礁:俯视图
碳酸盐沉淀已经成为海洋生物37亿年的共同生活策略,因此,珊瑚礁的建造也是如此。正如现代珊瑚所青睐的,形成礁石的生物通常在温暖,浅浅,光线充足的热带海水中采用生态位,在那里它们能够建造巨大的碳酸盐建筑物。由于化石礁形成了含水层和碳氢化合物储层,因此人们已经做出了巨大的努力来理解它们的解剖学和形态。遥感在这里起着特殊的作用。卫星图像的解释在揭示热带礁的巨大时空挂毯方面做了大量工作。比较沉积学使现代环境与岩石记录形成对比,从而改善了解释性,通过对轨道的观测,特别地改变了沉积学。卫星测绘也已成为量化珊瑚礁危机的关键技术–它不仅可以直接用于量化珊瑚群落的分布,还可以间接用于建立其自然环境的气候学。本文回顾了遥感技术在热带珊瑚礁中的应用,以传达这种快速增长的技术如何成为解决珊瑚礁危机的核心,并展望科学的未来发展。