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Sediment Trapping in Estuaries
Annual Review of Marine Science ( IF 17.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-03 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010816-060535
Hans Burchard 1 , Henk M. Schuttelaars 2 , David K. Ralston 3
Affiliation  

Estuarine turbidity maxima (ETMs) are generated by a large suite of hydrodynamic and sediment dynamic processes, leading to longitudinal convergence of cross-sectionally integrated and tidally averaged transport of cohesive and noncohesive suspended particulate matter (SPM). The relative importance of these processes for SPM trapping varies substantially among estuaries depending on topography, fluvial and tidal forcing, and SPM composition. The high-frequency dynamics of ETMs are constrained by interactions with the low-frequency dynamics of the bottom pool of easily erodible sediments. Here, we use a transport decomposition to present processes that lead to convergent SPM transport, and review trapping mechanisms that lead to ETMs at the landward limit of the salt intrusion, in the freshwater zone, at topographic transitions, and by lateral processes within the cross section. We use model simulations of example estuaries to demonstrate the complex concurrence of ETM formation mechanisms. We also discuss how changes in SPM trapping mechanisms, often caused by direct human interference, can lead to the generation of hyperturbid estuaries.

中文翻译:


河口的泥沙淤积

河口浊度最大值(ETM)是由大量流体动力学和沉积物动力学过程产生的,从而导致粘性和非粘性悬浮颗粒物(SPM)的横截面整合和潮汐平均运输的纵向收敛。这些过程对于SPM捕集的相对重要性在河口之间会发生很大变化,具体取决于地形,河流和潮汐强迫以及SPM的组成。ETM的高频动力受到与易腐蚀沉积物底部池的低频动力的相互作用的制约。在这里,我们使用传输分解来介绍导致SPM收敛的过程,并回顾在盐分侵入的陆上极限,淡水区,地形转变中导致ETM的捕集机制,并通过横截面内的横向过程。我们使用示例河口的模型仿真来证明ETM形成机制的复杂性。我们还将讨论通常由直接的人为干扰引起的SPM捕集机制的变化如何导致高浊度河口的产生。

更新日期:2018-01-03
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