A variety of adsorbent materials have been tried day by day to minimize the effects of blue baby syndrome and eutrophication but most of them constitute academic interest because of their properties such as powder form, poor selectivity, not easily separable, and difficult regeneration; hence, they could not be used at field conditions. To overcome such technological bottle-necks, the present study has been carried out with amine-functionalized magnetic chitosan (AFMCS) composite beads which was prepared and applied for the remediation of nitrate and phosphate in batch scale. The fabricated adsorbent materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis with mapping analysis. The numerous adsorption-influenced parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial ions concentration, co-anions, solution pH, and temperature were optimized. The various sorption isotherm models were used to fit the equilibrium data. The feasible mechanism toward nitrate and phosphate removal was interpreted. The efficient regeneration and repeated use of AFMCS composite beads were achieved up to six cycles. The applicability of easily separable AFMCS composite beads at field conditions was checked by collecting nitrate and phosphate contaminated water sample from the nearby area of Dindigul district.

中文翻译：

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胺接枝的壳聚糖杂化微珠在硝酸盐和磷酸盐保留中的开发和再利用

为了使蓝婴儿综合症和富营养化的影响最小化，人们每天都在尝试各种吸附材料，但是由于它们的性质，例如粉末形式，选择性差，不易分离和再生困难，它们大多引起了学术兴趣。因此，它们不能在野外条件下使用。为了克服这种技术瓶颈，本研究是用胺官能化的磁性壳聚糖（AFMCS）复合珠粒进行的，该复合珠粒已制备并用于批处理规模的硝酸盐和磷酸盐的修复。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱，Brunauer-Emmett-Teller分析，透射电子显微镜，X射线衍射，扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析进行能量色散X射线分析，对制备的吸附剂材料进行了表征。优化了许多受吸附影响的参数，例如接触时间，吸附剂用量，初始离子浓度，共阴离子，溶液pH值和温度。使用各种吸附等温线模型拟合平衡数据。解释了去除硝酸盐和磷酸盐的可行机理。AFMCS复合材料珠粒的有效再生和重复使用最多可达到六个循环。通过从Dindigul地区附近收集硝酸盐和磷酸盐污染的水样，检查了易于分离的AFMCS复合珠在田间条件下的适用性。使用各种吸附等温线模型拟合平衡数据。解释了去除硝酸盐和磷酸盐的可行机理。AFMCS复合材料珠粒的有效再生和重复使用最多可达到六个循环。通过从Dindigul地区附近收集硝酸盐和磷酸盐污染的水样，检查了易于分离的AFMCS复合珠在田间条件下的适用性。使用各种吸附等温线模型拟合平衡数据。解释了去除硝酸盐和磷酸盐的可行机理。AFMCS复合材料珠粒的有效再生和重复使用最多可达到六个循环。通过从Dindigul地区附近收集硝酸盐和磷酸盐污染的水样，检查了易于分离的AFMCS复合珠在田间条件下的适用性。