Carbazole-based deep-blue emitters containing a cyano substituent and differing in the linkage and spacer moieties are synthesized by either Suzuki or Sonogashira coupling reactions. The acetylene derivatives show a red-shift in absorption over the directly linked oligomers. However, all exhibit similar emission profiles, due to the pronounced structural reorganization in the excited state of the directly linked oligomers. Linear compounds containing a 2,7-carbazole show solvent insensitive absorption and emission profiles while the 3,6-analogs exhibit positive solvatochromism in the emission indicating the presence of a donor-acceptor interaction and charge transfer excited state. While retaining similar HOMO energies that of oligomers, the acetylene derivatives display variation in LUMO energies attributable to its electron-accepting nature. The high thermal decomposition temperature of acetylene derivatives over directly connected congeners attests the rigidity of acetylene unit. When compared to the parent compounds, the cyano-derivatized compounds show better luminance in the OLED attributable to the beneficial role of cyano group. All the dyes exhibited deep blue electroluminescence with external quantum efficiencies as high as 4.4%.

通过Suzuki或Sonogashira偶联反应合成含有氰基取代基并且在连接和间隔基部分上不同的基于咔唑的深蓝色发光体。乙炔衍生物相对于直接连接的低聚物显示出吸收的红移。然而，由于在直接连接的低聚物的激发态下明显的结构重组，所有这些都表现出相似的发射曲线。包含2,7-咔唑的线性化合物显示出对溶剂不敏感的吸收和发射曲线，而3,6-类似物在发射中显示出正溶剂溶变色，表明存在供体-受体相互作用和电荷转移激发态。乙炔衍生物在保留与低聚物相似的HOMO能量的同时，显示出LUMO能量的变化，这归因于其电子接受性质。直接连接的同类物上乙炔衍生物的高热分解温度证明了乙炔单元的刚性。当与母体化合物相比时，由于氰基的有益作用，氰基衍生的化合物在OLED中显示出更好的亮度。所有染料均显示深蓝色电致发光，外部量子效率高达4.4％。