We show here the first example of the large-scale surface decoration of a macroscopic and porous monolith with dissimilar micropatches. Branched polyethylenimine (PEI) is alkylated with poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), leading to a reverse-micelle-like dendritic amphiphile of PEI@PPG. Peralkylation and partial quaternization of the residual amino groups of PEI@PPG produces a cationic dendritic amphiphile of PEI-N⁺@PPG. The two dendritic amphiphiles jointly stabilize a water-in-oil high-internal-phase emulsion to prepare open-cellular monoliths of macroscopic size, with the monolith pore surface dictated by the cationic and neutral dendritic amphiphiles. The amino groups of the neutral amphiphile are further derivatized into anionic dithiocarbamates. The resulting monolith, along with the dissimilar functional patches on the surface, simultaneously eliminates multiple anionic and cationic micropollutants from water to very low residues, and affords the pH-triggered sequential release. Our strategy of using dissimilar dendritic amphiphiles rather than block copolymers as surface building blocks can confer the resulting surface with robust and predesigned microenvironments besides the conventional coacervate structure, and thus can afford more functions.

中文翻译：

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大规模制备具有不同树突状两亲物的3D斑块状表面†

我们在这里显示了具有不同微补丁的宏观和多孔整料的大规模表面装饰的第一个示例。支链聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）用聚丙二醇（PPG）烷基化，生成PEI @ PPG的反向胶束状树状两亲物。PEI @ PPG残留氨基的全烷基化和部分季铵化会产生PEI-N ⁺的阳离子树状两亲物@PPG。两种树枝状两亲物共同稳定油包水高内相乳液，以制备具有宏观尺寸的开孔单块，其整体表面由阳离子和中性树枝状两亲物决定。中性两亲物的氨基进一步衍生为阴离子二硫代氨基甲酸酯。所得的整料以及表面上不同的功能性贴剂可同时消除水中的多种阴离子和阳离子微污染物至极低的残留物，并提供了由pH触发的顺序释放。我们使用相异的树枝状两亲物而不是嵌段共聚物作为表面结构单元的策略除了可以赋予常规凝聚层结构以外，还可以赋予最终表面坚固且预先设计的微环境，从而提供更多的功能。