Abstract A number of rigid polyurethane-polyurea nanocomposite foams was synthesized using nanofillers of different nature (hydrophilic (acidic or basic)/hydrophobic-fullerene soot, fullerene soot with hydroxyl groups, aluminum (III) and chromium (III) oxides) at concentrations 0.1–0.6 wt%. Statistical analysis of optical foam images demonstrated that introduction of nanoparticles leads to the increases of average diameter of foam cells and, as result, to increase of thermal conductivity. The mechanical strength of foams increases at introduction of all nanoparticles with the exception of chromium (III) oxide. This can be connected with an antiplasticization effect of nanoparticles on polymer matrix. The dielectric spectroscopy demostrated that Tg values of composites increase in comparison with neat PU. However, the effect of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of nanoparticles on secondary relaxations is not well pronounced. The microphase separation in these nanocomposites has been studied using FTIR spectroscopy, but effect of surface properties of nanoadditives on this phenomenon is not detected.

中文翻译：

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注入亲水/疏水纳米粒子的刚性聚氨酯泡沫：细胞结构与物理特性之间的关系。

摘要 使用浓度为 0.1 的不同性质的纳米填料（亲水性（酸性或碱性）/疏水性富勒烯烟灰、具有羟基的富勒烯烟灰、铝 (III) 和铬 (III) 氧化物）合成了许多硬质聚氨酯-聚脲纳米复合泡沫塑料。 –0.6 重量％。光学泡沫图像的统计分析表明，纳米粒子的引入导致泡沫细胞平均直径的增加，从而导致热导率的增加。在引入除氧化铬 (III) 之外的所有纳米粒子时，泡沫的机械强度增加。这可能与纳米粒子对聚合物基质的抗塑化作用有关。介电光谱表明，与纯 PU 相比，复合材料的 Tg 值增加。然而，纳米粒子的亲水/疏水特性对二次弛豫的影响不是很明显。已使用 FTIR 光谱研究了这些纳米复合材料中的微相分离，但未检测到纳米添加剂的表面特性对这种现象的影响。