Abstract Tin-exchanged montmorillonite catalysts were prepared by an ion exchange method and examined as solid acid catalysts. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption analysis, and pyridine adsorption Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, the catalysts were examined for use in the conversion of glucose into methyl levulinate in methanol. A high yield of methyl levulinate of 59.7% was obtained upon conversion of 0.3 g glucose in 24 g methanol over 0.15 g catalyst at 220 °C under 2 MPa N2 for 6 h. The recyclability of the catalyst was also examined, and the conversions of glucose and methanol remained mostly unchanged under repeated usage of the catalyst in five catalytic runs; in contrast, the yield of methyl levulinate decreased slightly. The excellent catalytic performance of the tin-exchanged montmorillonite catalyst was attributed to a combination of the presence of a large amount of acidic sites and balanced amounts of Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the catalyst.

中文翻译：

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锡交换蒙脱石催化葡萄糖高效转化乙酰丙酸甲酯

摘要 采用离子交换法制备锡交换蒙脱石催化剂，作为固体酸催化剂进行研究。合成的催化剂通过 X 射线荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、N2 吸附-解吸分析、粉末 X 射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X 射线光电子能谱、NH3 程序升温解吸分析和吡啶吸附傅里叶变换红外光谱。随后，检查了催化剂在甲醇中将葡萄糖转化为乙酰丙酸甲酯的用途。在 220 °C 和 2 MPa N2 条件下，将 0.3 g 葡萄糖在 24 g 甲醇中的 0.15 g 催化剂转化为 59.7% 的高收率。还检查了催化剂的可回收性，重复使用催化剂5次，葡萄糖和甲醇的转化率基本保持不变；相比之下，乙酰丙酸甲酯的产量略有下降。锡交换蒙脱石催化剂的优异催化性能归因于催化剂上存在大量酸性位点和平衡量的路易斯和布朗斯台德酸位点的组合。