The hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotyping may profoundly affect the accurate diagnosis and antiviral treatment of viral hepatitis. Existing genotyping methods such as serological, immunological, or molecular testing are still suffered from substandard specificity and low sensitivity in laboratory or clinical application. In a previous study, a set of high‐efficiency hybridizable DNA origami‐based shape ID probes to target the templates through which genetic variation could be determined in an ultrahigh resolution of atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanomechanical imaging are established. Here, as a further confirmatory research to explore the sensitivity and applicability of this assay, differentially predesigned DNA origami shape ID probes are also developed for precisely HBV genotyping. Through the specific identification of visualized DNA origami nanostructure with clinical HBV DNA samples, the genetic variation information of genotypes can be directly identified under AFM. As a proof‐of‐concept, five genotype B and six genotype C are detected in 11 HBV‐infected patients' blood DNA samples of Han Chinese population in the single‐blinded test. The AFM image‐based DNA origami shape ID genotyping approach shows high specificity and sensitivity, which could be promising for virus infection diagnosis and precision medicine in the future.

中文翻译：

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用DNA折纸标签鉴定乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的基因型

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的基因分型可能会深刻影响病毒性肝炎的准确诊断和抗病毒治疗。现有的基因分型方法，例如血清学，免疫学或分子检测，在实验室或临床应用中仍存在不合标准的特异性和较低的敏感性。在先前的研究中，建立了一组基于模板的高效可杂交DNA折纸ID探针，这些探针可用于确定模板，通过该模板可以在超高分辨率原子力显微镜（AFM）纳米机械成像中确定遗传变异。在这里，作为探索该测定方法的敏感性和适用性的进一步验证性研究，还开发了差异化的预先设计的DNA折纸形状ID探针，用于精确地进行HBV基因分型。通过临床HBV DNA样品的可视化DNA折纸纳米结构的特异性鉴定，可以在AFM下直接鉴定基因型的遗传变异信息。作为概念验证，在单盲试验中，在11名HBV感染汉族人群的血液DNA样本中检测到5个B型和6个C型。基于AFM图像的DNA折纸形状ID基因分型方法显示出高度的特异性和敏感性，这可能在未来的病毒感染诊断和精密医学中很有希望。单盲试验中的汉族人群血液DNA样本。基于AFM图像的DNA折纸形状ID基因分型方法显示出高度的特异性和敏感性，这可能在未来的病毒感染诊断和精密医学中很有希望。单盲试验中的汉族人群血液DNA样本。基于AFM图像的DNA折纸形状ID基因分型方法显示出高度的特异性和敏感性，这可能在未来的病毒感染诊断和精密医学中很有希望。