We investigated the impact of the particle size of wheat bran on gut dysbiosis and inflammation induced by a fructose overload. Mice received drinking water with or without fructose (30%) and a standard diet supplemented with or without 5% of wheat bran fractions characterized by different average particle sizes (1690 µm versus 150 µm) for 8 weeks. Fructose increased Enterobacteriaceae associated with higher expression of key inflammatory genes in the liver. The two wheat bran fractions differently affected specific gut bacteria known to be involved in the regulation of the gut barrier function and/or inflammatory processes. Moreover, wheat bran with small particle size was the sole fibre that reduced hepatic and systemic inflammatory markers upon high fructose intake. The anti-inflammatory effects of wheat bran may be dependent on their particle size and could be related to the changes in caecal Enterobacteriaceae.

我们研究了麦麸粒径对果糖超负荷引起的肠道营养不良和炎症的影响。小鼠接受有或没有果糖（30％）的饮用水，并补充有或没有5％麦麸级分的标准饮食，其特征是平均粒径不同（1690 µm对150 µm）。果糖增加肠杆菌科与肝脏中关键炎症基因的高表达有关。这两种麦麸级分会不同地影响特定的肠道细菌，这些细菌已知参与肠道屏障功能和/或炎症过程的调节。此外，小颗粒的麦麸是高果糖摄入量时减少肝和全身炎症标志物的唯一纤维。麦麸的抗炎作用可能取决于其粒径，并且可能与盲肠肠杆菌科的变化有关。